@article {9998,
	title = {Digital assemblages: Evidence and theorizing from the computerization of the U.S. residential real estate industry},
	journal = {New Technology, Work and Employment},
	volume = {29},
	year = {2014},
	month = {3/2014},
	pages = {40-56},
	abstract = {The contribution of this paper is to theorize on the roles information and communication technologies (ICT) play in reshaping work arrangements and specifically to advance the concept of a digital assemblage as a lens for this analysis. We pursue an alternative conceptualization of the role of ICT: computerization. The fundamental premise of computerization is that actors are embedded in transactions and that ICT are taken up and used to support this embedding rather than for purposes of strict economic rationality. This work draws on data from a study of the U.S. residential real estate industry, which serves here as a {\textquotedblleft}living laboratory{\textquotedblright} for studying information-intensive industries.},
	doi = {10.1111/ntwe.12020},
	author = {Steve Sawyer and Kevin Crowston and Wigand, Rolf}
}
@unpublished {9999,
	title = {Digital assemblages: Evidence and theorizing from the computerization of the U.S. residential real estate industry},
	year = {2011},
	abstract = {We theorize on industry-level computerization by drawing data from on-going empirical study of the United States{\textquoteright} residential real estate industry begun in 1997. Real estate serves us here as a "living laboratory" for studying information-intensive economic activity. In lieu of standard economic analyses, we advance computerization as the analytic framework for this study because it focuses attention to the take up and uses of information and communication technologies (ICT) in conjunction with related socio-economic changes. We find, as might be expected, that with the increased use of ICT real estate agents are less involved as information intermediaries and yet are more deeply embedded into the processes of buying and selling of houses: they are more socially embedded. We find, as expected, that uses of ICT are now pervasive in this industry. However, the ways in which these ICT are used help agents to embed themselves more deeply into the transacting of real estate rather than serving as vehicles for disintermediation. Building from these findings we theorize on the ways in which social embedding supports economic transactions. And, we theorize the ways in which ICT are brought together and used can more coherently understood as a {\textquoteright}digital assemblage{\textquoteright} than as some sort of formal information system or particular technology. Our conceptualization of a digital assemblage is characterized by distinct patterns of ICT collections that, in use, are functionally equivalent and structurally similar, relying on standardized and commodified ICT.},
	author = {Steve Sawyer and Kevin Crowston and Rolf T. Wigand}
}
@article {1065,
	title = {The Social Design of Information Systems},
	volume = {356},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {287-290},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	isbn = {978-3-642-21363-2},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-21364-9_18},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21364-9_18},
	author = {Steve Sawyer and Venkatesh, Murali and Juhani Iivari and Cathy Urquhart and Light, Ben},
	editor = {Chiasson, Mike and Ola Henfridsson and Helena Karsten and DeGross, JaniceI.}
}
@article {778,
	title = {The Computerization of Service: Evidence of Information and Communication Technologies in Real Estate},
	year = {2008},
	month = {2008},
	pages = {199 - 209},
	abstract = {We explore the overlap between service and computerization using macro-level industrial data on the U.S. real estate market and five comparison industries (hospitals, financial services, legal services, machinery manufacturing, and fabricated metals).
 The macro-level data comes from the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis and the U.S. Census Bureau and we use it to develop insights
 on computerization and service relative to contributions to the U.S. gross domestic product. This analysis shows that while
 information and communication technology investments in real estate lagged comparison industries from 1969 to 1997, since
 then ICT investments in real estate have increased rapidly. At the same time, there has been a growth in the number workers
 even as the industry{\textquoteright}s contribution to GDP has grown. We identify two implications of these findings. First, ICTs are not
 being used are not as a substitute for labor. Second, the rapid growth in ICT investments has been absorbed into real estate
 quickly and well. Still, computerization in real estate continues, suggesting that process studies and more micro-analyses
 are critical next steps.
},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-09768-8_14},
	author = {Steve Sawyer and Yi, Fuyu}
}
@article {785,
	title = {Turning Products into Services and Services into Products: Contradictory Implications of Information Technology in the Service Economy},
	year = {2008},
	month = {2008},
	pages = {343 - 348},
	abstract = {Service industry sectors of modern economies are growing rapidly, in absolute size and in comparison to the manufacturing, agriculture, and other economic sectors. Implicit in the dramatic proclamations that have accompanied this worldwide shift
 to the service economy is a subtext about the displacement and subordination of products. The notion of displacement speaks,
 in a straightforward way, to the diminishing relative importance that material products play in production and consumption
 and, hence, in providing opportunities for employment. That information and communication technology (ICT) enabled innovation
 has played a crucial role in the emerging dominance of services is well known, for example, in all aspects of financial service
 sectors. Subordination is more interesting because it has to do with the changing and unsettled relationship between products and services and, indeed, ambiguity in the very definition of {\textquotedblleft}service{\textquotedblright} itself. This subordination has taken
 a variety of forms:
 {\textbullet}\&nbsp;
 Producers and purveyors of products add information-intensive service dimensions in order to enhance relationships with customers
 and, in some cases, to generate network effects among the customers themselves (e.g., Amazon.com{\textquoteright}s online customer reviews
 of books and data-based book recommendations).
 {\textbullet}\&nbsp;
 Products themselves have become servicitized in the sense that a product comes with a service component that is crucial in
 fully constituting the product as a meaningful {\textquotedblleft}solution{\textquotedblright} for the purchaser (Vandermerwe and Rada 1988). The delivery of these
 components is often ICT-enabled (e.g., call centers in support of consumer electronic products).
 {\textbullet}\&nbsp;
 We witness the servicitization of products in an alternative sense, where the purchaser never takes possession of the material
 product but rather subscribes to the service that the product provides, with the purveyor maintaining ownership of the physical
 asset (e.g., ASP models of computer or software use and outsourcing of certain other kinds).
},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-09768-8_25},
	author = {Ramiller, Neil and Elizabeth Davidson and Wagner, Erica and Steve Sawyer}
}
@article {690,
	title = {Methods as Theories: Evidence and Arguments for Theorizing on Software Development},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {397 - 411},
	abstract = {In this paper we argue that software development methods represent theories on how best to engage the impressively complex and inherently socio-technical activity of making software. To help illustrate our points we draw on examples of three software
 methods: the waterfall approach, packaged software development, and free/libre and open source software development, In doing
 this, we highlight that software development methods reflect{\textemdash}too often implicitly{\textemdash}theories of (1) how people should behave,
 (2) how groups of people should interact, (3) the tasks that people should do, (4) the order of these tasks, (5) the tools
 needed to achieve these tasks, (6) the proper outcomes of these tasks, (7) the means to make this all happen, and (8) that
 these relations among concepts are further set in specific social, cultural, economic, and industrial contexts. We conclude
 by highlighting three trends in conceptualizing these eight elements.
},
	doi = {10.1007/0-387-34588-4_26},
	author = {Steve Sawyer and Annabi, Hala}
}
@article {280,
	title = {Beliefs about Computing: Contrary Evidence from a Study of Mobile Computing Use among Criminal Justice Personnel},
	year = {2005},
	pages = {109 - 122},
	abstract = {In this paper, we explore how technological determinism can act as a belief System. To do so, we draw on a multi-organization field trial of uses of mobile computing by criminal justice personnel. Our findings make clear that mobile computing does not yet meet operational needs. In high contrast, we find that the belief these mobile computing technologies will solve the preponderance of organizational, informational, and communication problems that beset contemporary criminal justice efforts is unchanged by the shortcomings of the current environment. While the devices, applications, and telecommunications network never worked as intended or expected, their introduction was met with acceptance, enthusiasm, and the deterministic belief that they would make work better. We go beyond the common explanation of learning from a field trial and explore the contradictions inherent to the findings through the lens of technological determinism. In doing this, we highlight several implications that deterministic beliefs have regarding organizational value of field trials and research conceptions regarding the introduction of new computing technologies.},
	doi = {10.1007/0-387-28918-6_10},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-387-28918-6_10},
	author = {Tapia, Andrea and Steve Sawyer}
}
@article {245,
	title = {Information Systems in Organizations and Society: Speculating on the Next 25 Years of Research},
	year = {2004},
	month = {2004},
	pages = {35 - 52},
	abstract = {The community of scholars focused on information systems in organizations and society (the IFIP 8.2 community) has grown in number, voice, and influence over the last 25 years. What will this community contribute during the next 25 years? We speculate on two possible areas: more articulate conceptualizations of information systems and more detailed socio-technical theories of their effects. For both of these possibilities, we project forward from the historical trajectory of the IFIP 8.2 community{\textquoteright}s involvement. Like all speculative scholarship, our argumentation is more about imagining possible directions than arguing the superiority of one particular view relative to all others. This considered speculation is directed at both stirring the community{\textquoteright}s collective mind and advancing the value of this community{\textquoteright}s work to interested others.},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-8095-6_3},
	author = {Steve Sawyer and Kevin Crowston}
}
@article {DBLP:conf/ifip8-2/SawyerC02,
	title = {Conceptualizing Information Technology in the Study of Information Systems: Trends and Issues},
	year = {2002},
	pages = {109-131},
	author = {Steve Sawyer and Tina T. Chen}
}
@article {DBLP:conf/ifip8-2/KaplanKST02,
	title = {New Words and Old Books: Challenging Conventional Discourses about Domain and Theory in Information Systems Research},
	year = {2002},
	pages = {539-545},
	author = {Bonnie Kaplan and Lynette Kvasny and Steve Sawyer and Eileen M. Trauth}
}
@article {DBLP:conf/ifip8-2/EschenfelderS01,
	title = {Web Information Systems Management: Proactive or Reactive Emergence},
	year = {2001},
	pages = {163-182},
	author = {Kristin R. Eschenfelder and Steve Sawyer}
}
@article {DBLP:conf/ifip8-2/SawyerHTN01,
	title = {What Do We Mean by Information Technology? Perspectives on Studying Computing},
	year = {2001},
	pages = {461-466},
	author = {Steve Sawyer and Steven Haynes and Duane P. Truex and Ojelanki K. Ngwenyama}
}
@article {DBLP:conf/ifip8-2/Sawyer00,
	title = {Studying Organizational Computing Infrastructures: Multi-method Approaches},
	year = {2000},
	pages = {213-232},
	author = {Steve Sawyer}
}
@article {DBLP:conf/ifip8-2/BaskervilleSTTU99,
	title = {The Uses and Abuses of Evaluative Criteria for Qualitative Research Methods},
	year = {1999},
	pages = {293-296},
	author = {Richard Baskerville and Steve Sawyer and Eileen M. Trauth and Duane P. Truex and Cathy Urquhart}
}
