@article {1351,
	title = {Algorithmic Pollution: Understanding and Responding to Negative Consequences of Algorithmic Decision-Making},
	volume = {543},
	year = {2018},
	pages = {31-47},
	publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
	isbn = {978-3-030-04090-1},
	issn = {1868-4238},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-04091-8},
	url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-030-04091-8},
	author = {Marjanovic, Olivera and Cecez-Kecmanovic, Dubravka and Vidgen, Richard},
	editor = {Schultze, Ulrike and Aanestad, Margunn and M{\"a}hring, Magnus and {\O}sterlund, Carsten and Riemer, Kai}
}
@article {1360,
	title = {A Bestiary of Digital Monsters},
	volume = {543},
	year = {2018},
	pages = {177-190},
	publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
	address = {San Francisco, CA},
	isbn = {978-3-030-04090-1},
	issn = {1868-4238},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-04091-8_13},
	url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-030-04091-8},
	author = {Douglas-Jones, Rachel and Burnett, John Mark and Cohn, Marisa and Gad, Christopher and Hockenhull, Michael and J{\o}rgensen, Bastian and Maguire, James and Ojala, Mace and Winthereik, Brit Ross},
	editor = {Schultze, Ulrike and Aanestad, Margunn and M{\"a}hring, Magnus and {\O}sterlund, Carsten and Riemer, Kai}
}
@article {1357,
	title = {Re-figuring Gilbert the Drone},
	volume = {543},
	year = {2018},
	pages = {127-139},
	publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
	address = {San Francisco, CA},
	isbn = {978-3-030-04090-1},
	issn = {1868-4238},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-04091-8_10},
	url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-030-04091-8},
	author = {B{\o}dker, Mads and Olofsson, Stefan Olavi and Clemmensen, Torkil},
	editor = {Schultze, Ulrike and Aanestad, Margunn and M{\"a}hring, Magnus and {\O}sterlund, Carsten and Riemer, Kai}
}
@article {1333,
	title = {From Substantialist to Process Metaphysics {\textendash} Exploring Shifts in IS Research},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {35{\textendash}57},
	publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
	address = {Cham},
	abstract = {This article examines the shifts in Information Systems (IS) research~from a positivist to interpretive to sociomaterial paradigm by demonstrating how the shifts reflected the move from substantialist towards process metaphysics. Such metaphysical grounding provides a foundation for deeper understanding of paradigm differences and the struggles when shifts occur. After a brief historical overview of substantialist and process metaphysics and a summary of their key assumptions, the article explores paradigm shifts in IS research and highlights the underlying metaphysical nature of surrounding difficulties and controversies.~The article advances the paradigm debate by drawing attention to the metaphysical nature of paradigmatic shifts in IS research and by opening up intellectual space for conceiving and understanding novel research approaches beyond~Burrell and Morgan{\textquoteright}s model [1].},
	isbn = {978-3-319-49733-4},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-49733-4_3},
	author = {Cecez-Kecmanovic, Dubravka},
	editor = {Introna, Lucas and Kavanagh, Donncha and Kelly, S{\'e}amas and Orlikowski, Wanda and Scott, Susan}
}
@conference {miscioneac2016multinationaltiers,
	title = {Multinational and Indigenous IT Companies in Ireland: Exploring the Spatial Relationships between the Two Tiers},
	year = {2016},
	month = {Dec},
	author = {Miscioneac, G and Carrolla, P and Dekkerb, S and Nedovic-Budicbc, Z and Shahumyanbd, H and Dublin, B}
}
@article {1339,
	title = {A Relational Approach to Materiality and Organizing: The Case of a Creative Idea},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {143{\textendash}166},
	publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
	address = {Cham},
	abstract = {In this paper, we propose to go beyond the notion of entanglement that has been proposed in recent years to fill the so-called gap between {\textquoteleft}{\textquoteleft}the social{\textquoteright}{\textquoteright} and {\textquoteleft}{\textquoteleft}the material{\textquoteright}{\textquoteright}, especially in organizational studies. While this notion rightly invites us to reconsider the way we traditionally approach the question of materiality and organizing, we believe that its formulation tends to implicitly reproduce the gap it claims to fill. In contrast, we propose a view according to which sociality and materiality should, in fact, be considered aspects of everything that comes to be and exist. Throughout the analysis of an episode taken from fieldwork devoted to creative teams, we show that things as abstract as ideas, for instance, in order to emerge, exist, and continue to exist, have to materialize themselves in various identifiable beings. While the sociality of an idea is identified through the various relations that make it what it is, we show that its materiality comes from what precisely materializes these relations.},
	isbn = {978-3-319-49733-4},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-49733-4_9},
	author = {Martine, Thomas and Cooren, Fran{\c c}ois},
	editor = {Introna, Lucas and Kavanagh, Donncha and Kelly, S{\'e}amas and Orlikowski, Wanda and Scott, Susan}
}
@article {1331,
	title = {What if the Screens Went Black? The Coming of Software Agents},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {3{\textendash}16},
	publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
	address = {Cham},
	abstract = {Trading screens are not supposed to be black. In fact, when we see them on trading floors, on TV, or in media centres, they attract us with catching colours and blinking information. They project urgency, speed, and power {\textendash} the power of big money, the power of winning and losing. When we are near them, we feel their heat. We want to give in to their considerable attraction. We want to be players of the game and part of the action.},
	isbn = {978-3-319-49733-4},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-49733-4_1},
	author = {Cetina, Karin Knorr},
	editor = {Introna, Lucas and Kavanagh, Donncha and Kelly, S{\'e}amas and Orlikowski, Wanda and Scott, Susan}
}
@article {9999,
	title = {Collaboration through superposition: How the IT artifact as an object of collaboration affords technical interdependence without organizational interdependence},
	journal = {MIS Quarterly},
	volume = {38},
	year = {2014},
	month = {3/2104},
	pages = {29-50},
	abstract = {This paper develops a theory of collaboration through superposition: the process of depositing separate layers on top of each other over time. The theory is developed in a study of development of community-based Free and Open Source Software (FLOSS), through a research arc of discovery (participant observation), replication (two archival case studies) and formalization (a model of developer choices). The theory explains two key findings: 1) the overwhelming majority of work is accomplished with only a single programmer working on a task and 2) when tasks appear too large for an individual they are more likely to be deferred until they are easier, rather than being undertaken through structured teamwork. It is theorized that this way of organizing is key to successful open collaboration where the IT artifact is the object of collaboration, because it allows the co-production of technically interdependent artifacts through motivationally interdependent work. The affordances of software as an object of collaboration are used as a framework to analyze efforts to learn from FLOSS in other domains of work and in the IS function of for-profit organizations.},
	keywords = {FLOSS},
	url = {http://misq.org/collaboration-through-open-superposition.html},
	author = {Howison, James and Kevin Crowston}
}
@conference {2014,
	title = {Design of an Active Learning System with Human Correction for Content Analysis},
	booktitle = {Workshop on Interactive Language Learning, Visualization, and Interfaces, 52nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics},
	year = {2014},
	month = {06/2014},
	address = {Baltimore, MD},
	abstract = {Our research investigation focuses on the role of humans in supplying corrected examples in active learning cycles, an important aspect of deploying active learning in practice. In this paper, we discuss sampling strategies and sampling sizes in setting up an active learning system for human experiments in the task of content analysis, which involves labeling concepts in large volumes of text. The cost of conducting comprehensive human subject studies to experimentally determine the effects of sampling sizes and sampling sizes is high. To reduce those costs, we first applied an active learning simulation approach to test the effect of different sampling strategies and sampling sizes on machine learning (ML) performance in order to select a smaller set of parameters to be evaluated in human subject studies.},
	author = {Jasy Liew Suet Yan and McCracken, Nancy and Kevin Crowston}
}
@article {9998,
	title = {Digital assemblages: Evidence and theorizing from the computerization of the U.S. residential real estate industry},
	journal = {New Technology, Work and Employment},
	volume = {29},
	year = {2014},
	month = {3/2014},
	pages = {40-56},
	abstract = {The contribution of this paper is to theorize on the roles information and communication technologies (ICT) play in reshaping work arrangements and specifically to advance the concept of a digital assemblage as a lens for this analysis. We pursue an alternative conceptualization of the role of ICT: computerization. The fundamental premise of computerization is that actors are embedded in transactions and that ICT are taken up and used to support this embedding rather than for purposes of strict economic rationality. This work draws on data from a study of the U.S. residential real estate industry, which serves here as a {\textquotedblleft}living laboratory{\textquotedblright} for studying information-intensive industries.},
	doi = {10.1111/ntwe.12020},
	author = {Steve Sawyer and Kevin Crowston and Wigand, Rolf}
}
@article {1154,
	title = {Digital Drugs},
	volume = {446},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {149-162},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	keywords = {assemblage, digital drugs, healthcare, individualized medicine, pharmaceutical preparations},
	isbn = {978-3-662-45707-8},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-662-45708-5_10},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45708-5_10},
	author = {Tony Cornford and Lichtner, Valentina},
	editor = {Doolin, Bill and Lamprou, Eleni and Mitev, Nathalie and McLeod, Laurie}
}
@booklet {miscione2014digitalpublics,
	title = {Digital Publics},
	year = {2014},
	month = {Jun},
	publisher = {National University of Ireland in Maynooth, Ireland},
	author = {Miscione, G and Coleman, G}
}
@article {1163,
	title = {The Entwinement Logic of Practices},
	volume = {446},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {66-78},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	keywords = {entwinement, ethnography, fieldwork, Heidegger, practical rationality, research methods},
	isbn = {978-3-662-45707-8},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-662-45708-5_5},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45708-5_5},
	author = {Chughtai, Hameed and Myers, MichaelD.},
	editor = {Doolin, Bill and Lamprou, Eleni and Mitev, Nathalie and McLeod, Laurie}
}
@inbook {1209,
	title = {The Entwinement Logic of Practices: Insights from an Ethnography of Young IT Professionals},
	booktitle = {Information Systems and Global Assemblages: (Re)Configuring Actors, Artefacts, Organizations},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {66-78},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	type = {Case},
	author = {Chughtai, Hameed and Michael D. Myers},
	editor = {Doolin, Bill and Lamprou, Eleni and Mitev, Nathali and McLeod, Laurie}
}
@conference {1210,
	title = {Ethnographic Field Research: Interpreting One{\textquoteright}s Entrance into the Field as Thrownness},
	booktitle = {European Conference on Information Systems},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {1-12},
	type = {Conference Proceedings},
	url = {http://aisel.aisnet.org/ecis2014/proceedings/track19/4},
	author = {Chughtai, Hameed and Myers, Michael David}
}
@proceedings {9999,
	title = {Exploring data quality in games with a purpose},
	year = {2014},
	month = {3/2014},
	address = {Berlin, Germany},
	abstract = {A key problem for crowd-sourcing systems is motivating contributions from participants and ensuring the quality of these contributions. Games have been suggested as a motivational approach to encourage contribution, but attracting participation through game play rather than scientific interest raises concerns about the quality of the data provided, which is particularly important when the data are to be used for scientific research. To assess whether these concerns are justified, we compare the quality of data obtained from two citizen science games, one a {\textquotedblleft}gamified{\textquotedblright} version of a species classification task and one a fantasy game that used the classification task only as a way to advance in the game play. Surprisingly, though we did observe cheating in the fantasy game, data quality (i.e., classification accuracy) from participants in the two games was not significantly different. As well, the quality of data from short-time contributors was at a usable level of accuracy. These findings suggest that various approaches to gamification can be useful for motivating contributions to citizen science projects.},
	author = {Prestopnik, Nathan R. and Kevin Crowston and Wang, Jun}
}
@article {9998,
	title = {Group maintenance in technology-supported distributed teams},
	journal = {Information \& Management},
	volume = {51},
	year = {2014},
	month = {4/2014},
	pages = {297-309},
	abstract = {In this paper we investigate group maintenance behavior in community-based Free/Libre Open Source Software (FLOSS) development teams. Adopting a sociolinguistic perspective, we conceptualize group maintenance behavior as interpersonal communication tactics{\textemdash}specifically, social presence and politeness tactics{\textemdash}that help maintain relationships among group members. Developer email messages were collected from two FLOSS projects with different development status and content-analyzed to identify frequently-used group maintenance tactics. We then compared the two projects on the group maintenance tactics used, finding differences that reflect changes in the project work practices. Our work contributes theoretically to FLOSS research and has practical implications for FLOSS practitioners.},
	doi = {10.1016/j.im.2014.02.001},
	author = {Wei, Kangning and Kevin Crowston and Li, Na and Heckman, Robert}
}
@conference {1211,
	title = {A Ludic Perspective on Everyday Practices: Evidence from Ethnographic Fieldwork},
	booktitle = {Americas Conference on Information Systems},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {1-8},
	type = {Conference Proceedings},
	author = {Chughtai, Hameed and Myers, Michael David}
}
@conference {2014,
	title = {Optimizing Features in Active Machine Learning for Complex Qualitative Content Analysis},
	booktitle = {Workshop on Language Technologies and Computational Social Science, 52nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics},
	year = {2014},
	month = {06/2014},
	address = {Baltimore, MD},
	abstract = {We propose a semi-automatic approach for content analysis that leverages machine learning (ML) being initially trained on a small set of hand-coded data to perform a first pass in coding, and then have human annotators correct machine annotations in order to produce more examples to retrain the existing model incrementally for better performance. In this {\textquotedblleft}active learning{\textquotedblright} approach, it is equally important to optimize the creation of the initial ML model given less training data so that the model is able to capture most if not all positive examples, and filter out as many negative examples as possible for human annotators to correct. This paper reports our attempt to optimize the initial ML model through feature exploration in a complex content analysis project that uses a multidimensional coding scheme, and contains codes with sparse positive examples. While different codes respond optimally to different combinations of features, we show that it is possible to create an optimal initial ML model using only a single combination of features for codes with at least 100 positive examples in the gold standard corpus.},
	author = {Jasy Liew Suet Yan and McCracken, Nancy and Shichun Zhou and Kevin Crowston}
}
@proceedings {9999,
	title = {Planet Hunters and Seafloor Explorers: Legitimate Peripheral Participation Through Practice Proxies in Online Citizen Science},
	year = {2014},
	month = {2/2014},
	abstract = {Making the traces of user participation in primary activities visible in online crowdsourced initiatives has been shown to help new users understand the norms of participation but participants do not always have access to others{\textquoteright} work. Through a combination of virtual and trace ethnography we explore how new users in two online citizen science projects engage other traces of activity as a way of compensating. Merging the theory of legitimate peripheral participation with Erickson and Kellogg{\textquoteright}s theory of social translucence we introduce the concept of practice proxies; traces of user activities in online environment that act as resources to orient newcomers towards the norms of practice. Our findings suggest that newcomers seek out practice proxies in the social features of the projects that highlight contextualized and specific characteristics of primary work practice.},
	author = {Gabriel Mugar and {\O}sterlund, Carsten and Katie DeVries Hassman and Kevin Crowston and Corey Brian Jackson}
}
@conference {1212,
	title = {Playing with IT: Ethnographic Research on the Technological Practices of Young Professionals},
	booktitle = {Pacific Asia Conference on Information Systems},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {1-12},
	type = {Conference Proceedings},
	url = {http://aisel.aisnet.org/pacis2014/115},
	author = {Chughtai, Hameed and Myers, Michael David}
}
@conference {2014,
	title = {Semi-Automatic Content Analysis of Qualitative Data},
	booktitle = {iConference},
	year = {2014},
	month = {03/2014},
	address = {Berlin, Germany},
	author = {Jasy Liew Suet Yan and McCracken, Nancy and Kevin Crowston}
}
@proceedings {568,
	title = {Boundary-Spanning Documents in Online FLOSS Communities: Does One Size Fit All?},
	year = {2013},
	month = {1/2013},
	address = {Wailea, HI},
	author = {{\O}sterlund, Carsten and Kevin Crowston}
}
@inbook {1218,
	title = {Consumer Information Systems Development: Challenges for Cross- Disciplinary Research},
	booktitle = {Consumer Information Systems and Relationship Management: Design, Implementation, and Use},
	year = {2013},
	pages = {1-13},
	publisher = {IGI Global},
	organization = {IGI Global},
	type = {Book Section},
	address = {Hershey, PA},
	isbn = {978-1-4666-4082-5},
	doi = {10.4018/978-1-4666-4082-5.ch001},
	author = {Tuunanen, Tuure and Michael D. Myers and Cassab, Harold},
	editor = {Lin, Angela and Foster, Jonathan and Scifleet, Paul}
}
@conference {harvey2013irreductionallyuniversals,
	title = {Irreductionally Real Information Infrastructures: Practices beyond Universals},
	booktitle = {GI_FORUM 2013: CREATING THE GISOCIETY},
	year = {2013},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {349{\textendash}354},
	publisher = {Salzburg, AUSTRIA},
	organization = {Salzburg, AUSTRIA},
	doi = {10.1553/giscience2013s349},
	author = {Harvey, F and Miscione, G},
	editor = {Jekel, T and Car, A and Strobl, J and Griesebner, G}
}
@conference {Crowston:2013,
	title = {Motivation and data quality in a citizen science game: A design science evaluation},
	booktitle = {Forty-sixth Hawai{\textquoteright}i International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS-46)},
	year = {2013},
	month = {1/2013},
	address = {Wailea, HI},
	author = {Kevin Crowston and Prestopnik, Nathan R.}
}
@article {9999,
	title = {The motivational arc of massive virtual collaboration},
	year = {2013},
	keywords = {motivation},
	author = {Kevin Crowston and Fagnot, Isabelle}
}
@proceedings {2013,
	title = {Open Source Software Adoption: A Technological Innovation Perspective},
	year = {2013},
	month = {5/2013},
	address = {Lyon, France},
	abstract = {This research-in-progress aims to indentify the salient factors explaining adoption of open source software (OSS), as a technological innovation. The theoretical background of the paper is based on the technological innovation literature. We choose to focus on the open ERP case, as it is considered as a promising innovation for firms {\textendash} especially medium firms - but open ERP also faces numerous challenges. The paper provides a framework and a method for investigation that has to be implemented.},
	keywords = {open source},
	url = {http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2244222},
	author = {Kevin Crowston and Fran{\c c}ois Deltour and Nicolas Jullien}
}
@article {646,
	title = {Sustainability of Open Collaborative Communities: Analyzing Recruitment Efficiency},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	year = {2013},
	month = {01/2013},
	pages = {20{\textendash}26},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {Extensive research has been conducted over the past years to improve our understanding of sustainability conditions for large-scale collaborative projects, especially from an economic and governance perspective. However, the influence of recruitment and retention of participants in these projects has received comparatively less attention from researchers. Nevertheless, these concerns are significant for practitioners, especially regarding the apparently decreasing ability of the main open online projects to attract and retain new contributors. A possible explanation for this decrease is that those projects have simply reached a mature state of development. Marwell and Oliver (1993) and Oliver, Marwell, and Teixeira (1985) note that, at the initial stage in collective projects, participants are few and efforts are costly; in the diffusion phase, the number of participants grows, as their efforts are rewarding; and in the mature phase, some inefficiency may appear as the number of contributors is greater than required for the work. In this article, we examine this possibility. We use original data from 36 Wikipedias in different languages to compare their efficiency in recruiting participants. We chose Wikipedia because the different language projects are at different states of development, but are quite comparable on the other aspects, providing a test of the impact of development on efficiency. Results confirm that most of the largest Wikipedias seem to be characterized by a reduced return to scale. As a result, we can draw interesting conclusions that can be useful for practitioners, facilitators, and managers of collaborative projects in order to identify key factors potentially influencing the adequate development of their communities over the medium-to-long term.},
	keywords = {DEA modeling, efficiency, recruitment, Wikipedia},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/646},
	author = {Kevin Crowston and Nicolas Jullien and Felipe Ortega}
}
@proceedings {438,
	title = {Is Wikipedia Inefficient? Modelling Effort and Participation in Wikipedia},
	year = {2013},
	month = {1/2013},
	address = {Wailea, HI},
	url = {http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1960696},
	author = {Kevin Crowston and Nicolas Jullien and Felipe Ortega}
}
@article {1082,
	title = {Amazon Mechanical Turk: A Research Tool for Organizations and Information Systems Scholars},
	volume = {389},
	year = {2012},
	pages = {210-221},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	keywords = {Amazon Mechanical Turk, crowd sourcing, research methods},
	isbn = {978-3-642-35141-9},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-35142-6_14},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35142-6_14},
	author = {Kevin Crowston},
	editor = {Bhattacherjee, Anol and Brian Fitzgerald}
}
@proceedings {crowston2012,
	title = {Amazon Mechanical Turk: A research tool for organizations and information systems scholars},
	volume = {389},
	year = {2012},
	month = {12/2012},
	pages = {210-221},
	publisher = {Springer},
	address = {Tampa, FL},
	isbn = {978-3-642-35141-9},
	issn = {1868-4238},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-35141-9},
	author = {Kevin Crowston},
	editor = {Bhattacherjee, Anol and Brian Fitzgerald}
}
@proceedings {9999,
	title = {Citizen science system assemblages: Understanding the technologies that support crowdsourced science},
	year = {2012},
	month = {2/2012},
	address = {Toronto, Ontario},
	abstract = {We explore the nature of technologies to support citizen science, a method of inquiry that leverages the power of crowds to collect and analyze scientific data. We evaluate these technologies as system assemblages, collections of interrelated functionalities that support specific activities in pursuit of overall project goals. The notion of system assemblages helps us to explain how different citizen science platforms may be comprised of widely varying functionalities, yet still support relatively similar goals. Related concepts of build vs. buy and web satisfiers vs. web motivators are used to explore how different citizen science functionalities may lead to successful project outcomes. Four detailed case studies of current citizen science projects encompassing a cross-section of varying project sizes, resource levels, technologies, and approaches to inquiry help us to answer the following research questions: 1) What do typical system assemblages for citizen science look like? 2) What factors influence the composition of a system assemblage for citizen science? 3) What effect does the assemblage composition have on scientific goals, participant support, motivation, and satisfaction? and 4) What are the design implications for the system assemblage perspective on citizen science technologies?},
	author = {Prestopnik, Nathan R. and Kevin Crowston}
}
@article {Crowston:2009,
	title = {Free/Libre Open Source Software Development: What we know and what we do not know},
	journal = {ACM Computing Surveys},
	volume = {44},
	year = {2012},
	month = {02/2012},
	edition = {2},
	abstract = {We review the empirical research on Free/Libre and Open Source Software (FLOSS) development and assess the state of the literature. We develop a framework for organizing the literature based on the input-mediator-output- input (IMOI) model from the small groups literature. We present a quantitative summary of articles selected for the review and then discuss findings of this literature categorized into issues pertaining to inputs (e.g., member characteristics, technology use and project characteristics), processes (software development and social processes), emergent states (e.g., trust and task related states) and outputs (e.g. team performance, FLOSS implementation and project evolution). Based on this review, we suggest topics for future research, as well as identifying methodological and theoretical issues for future inquiry in this area, including issues relating to sampling and the need for more longitudinal studies.},
	keywords = {FLOSS},
	doi = {10.1145/2089125.2089127},
	author = {Kevin Crowston and Wei, Kangning and Howison, James and Wiggins, Andrea}
}
@article {2012,
	title = {The future of citizen science: emerging technologies and shifting paradigms},
	journal = {Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2012},
	month = {08/2012},
	pages = {298{\textendash}304},
	abstract = {Citizen science creates a nexus between science and education that, when coupled with emerging technologies, expands the frontiers of ecological research and public engagement. Using representative technologies and other examples, we examine the future of citizen science in terms of its research processes, program and participant cultures, and scientific communities. Future citizen-science projects will likely be influenced by sociocultural issues related to new technologies and will continue to face practical programmatic challenges. We foresee networked, open science and the use of online computer/video gaming as important tools to engage non-traditional audiences, and offer recommendations to help prepare project managers for impending challenges. A more formalized citizen-science enterprise, complete with networked organizations, associations, journals, and cyberinfrastructure, will advance scientific research, including ecology, and further public education.},
	issn = {1540-9295},
	doi = {10.1890/110294},
	url = {http://www.esajournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1890/110294},
	author = {Newman, Greg and Wiggins, Andrea and Crall, Alycia and Graham, Eric and Newman, Sarah and Kevin Crowston}
}
@proceedings {2012,
	title = {Goals and tasks: Two typologies of citizen science projects},
	year = {2012},
	month = {1/2012},
	address = {Wailea, HI},
	abstract = {Citizen science is a form of research collaboration involving members of the public in scientific research projects to address real-world problems. Often organized as a virtual collaboration, these projects are a type of open movement, with collective goals addressed through open participation in research tasks. We conducted a survey of citizen science projects to elicit multiple aspects of project design and operation. We then clustered projects based on the tasks performed by participants and on the project{\textquoteright}s stated goals. The clustering results group projects that show similarities along other dimensions, suggesting useful divisions of the projects.},
	author = {Wiggins, Andrea and Kevin Crowston}
}
@conference {Watson-Manheim:2012,
	title = {Innovation in academic-industry partnerships: Measuring the challenges to effective performance},
	booktitle = {Academy of Management Conference, Technology and Innovation Management Division},
	year = {2012},
	month = {8/2012},
	address = {Boston, MA},
	author = {Watson-Manheim, Mary-Beth and Chudoba, Katherine M. and Kevin Crowston}
}
@proceedings {440,
	title = {Knowledge Portals: Components, Functionalities, and Deployment Challenges},
	year = {2012},
	month = {12/2012},
	address = {Orlando, FL},
	author = {Kevin Crowston and Claudia L{\"o}bbecke}
}
@article {9998,
	title = {Perceived discontinuities and constructed continuities in virtual work},
	journal = {Information Systems Journal},
	volume = {22},
	year = {2012},
	month = {01/2012},
	pages = {29-52},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2575.2011.00371.x},
	author = {Watson-Manheim, Mary Beth and Chudoba, Katherine M. and Kevin Crowston}
}
@unpublished {2012,
	title = {Poster: Socially intelligent computing for coding of qualitative data},
	year = {2012},
	month = {6/2012},
	publisher = {Syracuse University School of Information Studies},
	type = {Unpublished poster, presented at the SOCS PIs meeting},
	address = {Syracuse, NY},
	author = {Kevin Crowston and McCracken, Nancy}
}
@unpublished {2012,
	title = {Poster: Socially intelligent computing to support citizen science},
	year = {2012},
	month = {6/2012},
	publisher = {Syracuse University School of Information Studies},
	type = {Unpublished poster, presented at the SOCS PIs meeting},
	address = {Syracuse, NY},
	author = {Kevin Crowston}
}
@conference {Prestopnik:2012a,
	title = {Purposeful gaming \& socio-computational systems: A citizen science design case},
	booktitle = {Group {\textquoteright}12 Conference},
	year = {2012},
	month = {10/2012},
	address = {Sanibel Island, FL, USA},
	author = {Prestopnik, Nathan and Kevin Crowston}
}
@conference {1203,
	title = {Rigor-Mortis: The knowing-doing gap in research methods and what we should do about it},
	booktitle = {International Conference on Information Systems},
	year = {2012},
	pages = {1-6},
	publisher = {Association for Information Systems E-library},
	organization = {Association for Information Systems E-library},
	type = {Conference Proceedings},
	url = {http://aisel.aisnet.org/icis2012/proceedings/Panels/2/},
	author = {Carte, Traci A. and Marcoulides, George A. and Chin, Wynne W. and Leidner, Dorrothy E. and Michael D. Myers}
}
@article {1079,
	title = {Social Networks and Communication Media for Generating Creative Ideas},
	volume = {389},
	year = {2012},
	pages = {160-176},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	keywords = {communication media mix, generating creative ideas, Simmelian advice tie, Simmelian friendship tie},
	isbn = {978-3-642-35141-9},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-35142-6_11},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35142-6_11},
	author = {Wu, Yi and Chang, Klarissa},
	editor = {Bhattacherjee, Anol and Brian Fitzgerald}
}
@conference {2012,
	title = {Team dynamics in long-standing technology-supported virtual teams},
	booktitle = {Academy of Management Annual Meeting, Organizational Behaviour Division},
	year = {2012},
	month = {8/2012},
	address = {Boston, MA},
	author = {Misiolek, Nora and Kevin Crowston and Joshua Seymour}
}
@article {9999,
	title = {Using natural language processing for qualitative data analysis},
	journal = {International Journal of Social Research Methodology},
	volume = {15},
	year = {2012},
	month = {2012},
	chapter = {523-543},
	abstract = {Social researchers often apply qualitative research methods to study groups and their communications artefacts. The use of computer-mediated communications has dramatically increased the volume of text available, but coding such text requires considerable manual effort. We discuss how systems that process text in human languages (i.e., natural language processing, NLP) might partially automate content analysis by extracting theoretical evidence. We present a case study of the use of NLP for qualitative analysis in which the NLP rules showed good performance on a number of codes. With the current level of performance, use of an NLP system could reduce the amount of text to be examined by a human coder by an order of magnitude or more, potentially increasing the speed of coding by a comparable degree. The paper is significant as it is one of the first to demonstrate the use of high-level NLP techniques for qualitative data analysis.},
	keywords = {FLOSS, NLP},
	doi = {10.1080/13645579.2011.625764},
	author = {Kevin Crowston and Allen, Eileen E. and Heckman, Robert}
}
@conference {368,
	title = {Boundary-spanning documents in online communities (Research-in-Progress)},
	booktitle = {International Conference on Information Systems (ICIS)},
	year = {2011},
	month = {12/2011},
	address = {Shanghai, China},
	abstract = {Online communities bring together people with varied access to and understanding of the work at hand, who must collaborate through documents of various kinds. We develop a framework articulating the characteristics of documents supporting collaborators with asymmetric access to knowledge versus those with symmetric knowledge. Drawing on theories about document genre, boundary objects and provenance, we hypothesize that documents supporting asymmetric groups are likely to articulate or prescribe their own 1) purpose, 2) context of use and 3) content and form and 4) provenance in greater detail than documents used by people with symmetric access to knowledge. We are testing these hypotheses through content analysis of documents and instructions from a variety of free/libre open source projects. We present preliminary findings consistent with the hypotheses developed. The completed study will suggest new directions for research on communications in online communities, as well as advice for those supporting such communities.},
	keywords = {boundary objects, Documents, Genre, Online communities, provenance},
	author = {{\O}sterlund, Carsten and Kevin Crowston}
}
@proceedings {418,
	title = {A capability maturity model for scientific data management: Evidence from the literature},
	year = {2011},
	month = {10/2011},
	address = {New Orleans, LA},
	author = {Kevin Crowston and Qin, Jian}
}
@article {192,
	title = {Citizen Science System Assemblages: Toward Greater Understanding of Technologies to Support Crowdsourced Science},
	year = {2011},
	month = {6/2011},
	keywords = {Citizen Science, system assemblages},
	author = {Prestopnik, Nathan and Kevin Crowston}
}
@article {374,
	title = {Citizen science system assemblages: Toward greater understanding of technologies to support crowdsourced science},
	year = {2011},
	month = {06/2011},
	publisher = {Syracuse University School of Information Studies},
	type = {Unpublished working paper},
	abstract = {We explore the nature of technologies to support citizen science, a method of inquiry that leverages the power of crowds to collect and analyze scientific data. We evaluate these technologies as system assemblages, collections of interrelated functionalities that support specific activities in pursuit of overall project goals. The notion of system assemblages helps us to explain how different citizen science platforms may be comprised of widely varying functionalities, yet still support relatively similar goals. Related concepts of build vs. buy, support for science vs. support for participants, and web satisfiers vs. web motivators are used to explore how different citizen science functionalities may lead to successful project outcomes. Four detailed case studies of current citizen science projects encompassing a cross-section of varying project sizes, resource levels, technologies, and approaches to inquiry help us to answer the following research questions: 1) What factors influence the composition of a system assemblage for citizen science? 2) What do typical system assemblages for citizen science look like? 3) What effect does the assemblage composition have on scientific goals, participant support, motivation, and satisfaction? and 4) What are the design implications for the system assemblage perspective on citizen science technologies?},
	keywords = {Citizen Science, Design Science, system assemblages},
	author = {Prestopnik, Nathan and Kevin Crowston}
}
@article {1075,
	title = {Conceptualizing Consumer Perceptions of Making M-Payments Using Smart Phones in Ireland},
	volume = {356},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {109-129},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	keywords = {consumer perceptions, pm-payment adoption, Smart phones, trust},
	isbn = {978-3-642-21363-2},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-21364-9_8},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21364-9_8},
	author = {Andreev, Pavel and Duane, Aidan and O{\textquoteright}Reilly, Philip},
	editor = {Chiasson, Mike and Ola Henfridsson and Helena Karsten and DeGross, JaniceI.}
}
@article {1064,
	title = {Critical Realist Information Systems Research in Action},
	volume = {356},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {269-284},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	keywords = {critical realism, design science research, empirical research, evaluation research, theory development, theory testing},
	isbn = {978-3-642-21363-2},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-21364-9_17},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21364-9_17},
	author = {Carlsson, SvenA.},
	editor = {Chiasson, Mike and Ola Henfridsson and Helena Karsten and DeGross, JaniceI.}
}
@unpublished {9999,
	title = {Decision-making processes and team performance in self-organizing virtual teams: The case of Free/Libre Open Source Software development teams},
	year = {2011},
	abstract = {Effective decision making is critical to team effectiveness. We examine decision making in the setting of self-organizing virtual teams, a setting that we expect to pose particular problems for effective decision making. A self-organizing team must develop effective practices in the absence of a formal organizational structure that guides the practices. A virtual team{\textquoteright}s reliance on technological support to span temporal and organizational discontinuities makes an effective decision-making process more difficult to achieve. We examine decision-making processes and their relation to team performance in Free/Libre Open Source Software (FLOSS) teams, chosen as extreme examples of self-organizing virtual teams. We identified six paths that describe the decision-making process. Further analysis revealed that diversity in decision-making paths appeared to be related to differences in task types and group performance. The study provides insight into decision making in FLOSS teams and has implications for decision making in self-organizing virtual teams more generally.},
	author = {Wei, Kangning and Kevin Crowston and Heckman, Robert and Li, Qing}
}
@article {9999,
	title = {Describing public participation in scientific research},
	year = {2011},
	publisher = {Syracuse University School of Information Studies},
	abstract = {We report the results of a descriptive survey of citizen science projects, a form of scientific collaboration engaging members of the public with professional researchers. This phenomenon has seen explosive growth in recent years and is garnering interest from a broadening variety of research domains. However, the lack of adequate description of this diverse population hinders useful research. To address this gap, we conducted a survey of citizen science projects. We present a description of the phenomenon to establish a basis for sampling and evaluation of research on citizen science, including details on project resources, participation, technologies, goals, and outcomes. We then reflect on several points of potential development, including technologies to support participation, potential for expanding engagement, and data policies. The diverse organizational and functional arrangements in citizen science projects suggest a variety of areas for future research.},
	keywords = {Citizen Science},
	author = {Wiggins, Andrea and Kevin Crowston}
}
@unpublished {9999,
	title = {Digital assemblages: Evidence and theorizing from the computerization of the U.S. residential real estate industry},
	year = {2011},
	abstract = {We theorize on industry-level computerization by drawing data from on-going empirical study of the United States{\textquoteright} residential real estate industry begun in 1997. Real estate serves us here as a "living laboratory" for studying information-intensive economic activity. In lieu of standard economic analyses, we advance computerization as the analytic framework for this study because it focuses attention to the take up and uses of information and communication technologies (ICT) in conjunction with related socio-economic changes. We find, as might be expected, that with the increased use of ICT real estate agents are less involved as information intermediaries and yet are more deeply embedded into the processes of buying and selling of houses: they are more socially embedded. We find, as expected, that uses of ICT are now pervasive in this industry. However, the ways in which these ICT are used help agents to embed themselves more deeply into the transacting of real estate rather than serving as vehicles for disintermediation. Building from these findings we theorize on the ways in which social embedding supports economic transactions. And, we theorize the ways in which ICT are brought together and used can more coherently understood as a {\textquoteright}digital assemblage{\textquoteright} than as some sort of formal information system or particular technology. Our conceptualization of a digital assemblage is characterized by distinct patterns of ICT collections that, in use, are functionally equivalent and structurally similar, relying on standardized and commodified ICT.},
	author = {Steve Sawyer and Kevin Crowston and Rolf T. Wigand}
}
@unpublished {9999,
	title = {Exploring Collective Intelligence Games With Design Science: A Citizen Science Design Case},
	year = {2011},
	abstract = {Citizen science is a form of collective intelligence where members of the public are recruited to contribute to scientific investigations. Citizen science projects often use web-based systems to support collaborative scientific activities, but finding ways to attract participants and confirm the veracity of the data produced by non-scientists are key research questions. We describe a series of web-based tools and games currently under development to support taxonomic classification of organisms in photographs collected by citizen science projects. In the design science tradition, the systems are purpose-built to test hypotheses about participant motivation and techniques for ensuring data quality. Findings from preliminary evaluation and the design process itself are discussed.},
	keywords = {Citizen Science, Design Science, Games},
	author = {Prestopnik, Nathan and Kevin Crowston}
}
@conference {2011,
	title = {From Conservation to Crowdsourcing: A Typology of Citizen Science},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the Forty-fourth Hawai{\textquoteright}i International Conference on System Science (HICSS-44)},
	year = {2011},
	month = {1/2011},
	address = {Koloa, HI},
	abstract = {Citizen science is a form of research collaboration involving members of the public in scientific research projects to address real-world problems. Often organized as a virtual collaboration, these projects are a type of open movement, with collective goals addressed through open participation in research tasks. Existing typologies of citizen science projects focus primarily on the structure of participation, paying little attention to the organizational and macrostructural properties that are important to designing and managing effective projects and technologies. By examining a variety of project characteristics, we identified five types{\textemdash}Action, Conservation, Investigation, Virtual, and Education{\textemdash}that differ in primary project goals and the importance of physical environment to participation.},
	keywords = {Citizen Science},
	author = {Wiggins, Andrea and Kevin Crowston}
}
@article {1060,
	title = {From Forestry Machines to Sociotechnical Hybrids: Investigating the Use of Digitally Enabled Forestry Machines},
	volume = {356},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {199-214},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	keywords = {forestry industry, materiality, Open innovation, value constellations},
	isbn = {978-3-642-21363-2},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-21364-9_13},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21364-9_13},
	author = {Nyl{\'e}n, Daniel and Holmstr{\"o}m, Jonny},
	editor = {Chiasson, Mike and Ola Henfridsson and Helena Karsten and DeGross, JaniceI.}
}
@conference {2011,
	title = {Gaming for (citizen) science: Exploring motivation and data quality in the context of crowdsourced science through the design and evaluation of a social-computational system},
	booktitle = {{\textquotedblleft}Computing for Citizen Science{\textquotedblright} workshop at the IEEE eScience Conference},
	year = {2011},
	month = {12/2011},
	address = {Stockholm, Sweden},
	abstract = {In this paper, an ongoing design research project is described. Citizen Sort, currently under development, is a web-based social-computational system designed to support a citizen science task, the taxonomic classification of various insect, animal, and plant species. In addition to supporting this natural science objective, the Citizen Sort platform will also support information science research goals on the nature of motivation for social-computation and citizen science. In particular, this research program addresses the use of games to motivate participation in social-computational citizen science, and explores the effects of system design on motivation and data quality. A design science approach, where IT artifacts are developed to solve problems and answer research questions is described. Research questions, progress on Citizen Sort planning and implementation, and key challenges are discussed.},
	keywords = {Citizen Science, data quality, Design, Design Science, Games, Gaming, motivation, Participation, Social Computational Systems},
	url = {http://itee.uq.edu.au/~eresearch/workshops/compcitsci2011/index.html},
	author = {Prestopnik, Nathan R. and Kevin Crowston}
}
@article {1076,
	title = {The Impact of Instant Messaging Tools on Knowledge Management and Team Performance},
	volume = {356},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {131-148},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	keywords = {computer-mediated communication (CMC), Instant messaging (IM), knowledge generation, knowledge transfer, work performance},
	isbn = {978-3-642-21363-2},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-21364-9_9},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21364-9_9},
	author = {Ou, CarolX.J. and Leung, DarrenW.L. and Davison, RobertM.},
	editor = {Chiasson, Mike and Ola Henfridsson and Helena Karsten and DeGross, JaniceI.}
}
@article {1070,
	title = {Information Systems Innovation Research: Between Novel Futures and Durable Presents},
	volume = {356},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {27-41},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	keywords = {infrastructural inversion, Innovations, installed base, maintenance},
	isbn = {978-3-642-21363-2},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-21364-9_3},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21364-9_3},
	author = {Margunn Aanestad},
	editor = {Chiasson, Mike and Ola Henfridsson and Helena Karsten and DeGross, JaniceI.}
}
@conference {369,
	title = {Integrated Customer-Focused Knowledge Portals: Design Challenges and Empirical Approaches},
	booktitle = {Academy of Management Conference, OCIS Division},
	year = {2011},
	month = {8/2011},
	address = {San Antonio, TX},
	abstract = {Knowledge Portals (KPs) are highly integrative Knowledge Management Systems (KMS) that promise to synthesize widely dispersed knowledge and to interconnect individuals by functioning as a {\textquoteright}one-stop knowledge shop{\textquoteright}. Yet, in practice, KPs face major challenges, which are for the most part due to the intricacies of knowledge exchange being subjected to multi-faceted individual and social factors. At the same time, growing anecdotal evidence from case studies indicates KPs{\textquoteright} enormous potential. This paper makes an effort to more distinctly conceptualize KPs and emphasize a KP{\textquoteright}s role to unify networking and repository KMS features. The paper develops three major challenges to successful KP deployment, namely (1) knowledge integration, (2) sufficient participation, and (3) favorable organizational culture and validates these as applicable to KP through a review of 42 empirical papers. The paper concludes with suggestions towards a set of design principles for KP.},
	author = {Claudia L{\"o}bbecke and Kevin Crowston and Nicolas Friederici}
}
@article {1062,
	title = {Investigating Open Innovation and Interorganizational Networks in the IT Industry: The Case of Standard Software Customization},
	volume = {356},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {231-246},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	keywords = {interorganizational networks, Open innovation, software customization},
	isbn = {978-3-642-21363-2},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-21364-9_15},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21364-9_15},
	author = {Karlheinz Kautz and Deborah Bunker and Rab, SameenM. and Sinnet, Michael},
	editor = {Chiasson, Mike and Ola Henfridsson and Helena Karsten and DeGross, JaniceI.}
}
@article {1057,
	title = {Journey to DOR: A Retro Science-Fiction Story on Researching ePrescribing},
	volume = {356},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {151-161},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	keywords = {fiction, Future, reflexivity, research methods, systems for electronic transmission of prescriptions, technology},
	isbn = {978-3-642-21363-2},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-21364-9_10},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21364-9_10},
	author = {Lichtner, Valentina and Venters, Will},
	editor = {Chiasson, Mike and Ola Henfridsson and Helena Karsten and DeGross, JaniceI.}
}
@article {1061,
	title = {Lessons from Volunteering and Free/Libre Open Source Software Development for the Future of Work},
	volume = {356},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {215-229},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	keywords = {coordination, Free/libre open source software, motivation, visibility of work, volunteering},
	isbn = {978-3-642-21363-2},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-21364-9_14},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21364-9_14},
	author = {Kevin Crowston},
	editor = {Chiasson, Mike and Ola Henfridsson and Helena Karsten and DeGross, JaniceI.}
}
@proceedings {9999,
	title = {Lessons from volunteering and free/libre open source software development for the future of work},
	year = {2011},
	month = {6/2011},
	publisher = {Springer},
	address = {Turku, Finland},
	author = {Kevin Crowston}
}
@conference {2011,
	title = {Mechanisms for Data Quality and Validation in Citizen Science},
	booktitle = {"Computing for Citizen Science" workshop at the IEEE eScience Conference},
	year = {2011},
	month = {12/2011},
	address = {Stockholm, Sweden},
	abstract = {Data quality is a primary concern for researchers employing public participation in scientific research, or {\textquotedblleft}citizen science,{\textquotedblright} to accomplish data collection and analysis tasks. This mode of scientific collaboration relies on contributions from a large, often unknown population of volunteers with widely variable expertise. In this paper, we review the commonly employed mechanisms for ensuring data quality. We also discuss results of a survey of citizen science projects that reports on the use of some of these mechanisms, noting that it is most common for projects to employ multiple mechanisms to ensure data quality and appropriate levels of validation.},
	keywords = {Citizen Science, data quality, data validation},
	url = {http://itee.uq.edu.au/~eresearch/workshops/compcitsci2011/index.html},
	author = {Wiggins, Andrea and Newman, Greg and Stevenson, Robert D. and Kevin Crowston}
}
@article {1069,
	title = {Methods for Studying the Information Systems Future},
	volume = {356},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {299-316},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	keywords = {Delphi, environmental scanning, Modeling the future, role of futures in academic research, scenarios},
	isbn = {978-3-642-21363-2},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-21364-9_21},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21364-9_21},
	author = {Paul Gray and Hovav, Anat},
	editor = {Chiasson, Mike and Ola Henfridsson and Helena Karsten and DeGross, JaniceI.}
}
@article {9998,
	title = {Participation in ICT-Enabled Meetings},
	journal = {Journal of Organizational and End User Computing},
	volume = {23},
	year = {2011},
	chapter = {15{\textendash}36},
	abstract = {Meetings are a common occurrence in contemporary organizations, and almost everyone shares an understanding of what a meeting is and what participation in a meeting looks like. Yet our exploratory study at Intel, an innovative global technology company, suggests that meetings are evolving beyond this familiar perspective as the pervasive use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) changes work practices associated with meetings. Drawing on data gathered from interviews prompted by entries in the employees{\textquoteright} electronic calendar system, we examine the multiple ways in which meetings build and reflect work in the organization and derive propositions to guide future research. Specifically, we identified four aspects of meetings that reflect work in the 21st century: meetings are integral to work in team-centered organizations, tension between group and personal objectives, discontinuities, and ICT support for fragmented work environment.},
	keywords = {Computer-Mediated Communication, Information Technology},
	doi = {10.4018/joeuc.2011040102},
	author = {Chudoba, Katherine M. and Watson-Manheim, Mary Beth and Kevin Crowston and Lee, Chei Sian}
}
@article {1071,
	title = {The Present as Future: The Problem of Translation in Corporate Science Projects},
	volume = {356},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {43-56},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	keywords = {3D user interface, Corporate research, desktop information management, innovation, machine learning, virtual teams},
	isbn = {978-3-642-21363-2},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-21364-9_4},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21364-9_4},
	author = {Eleanor Wynn},
	editor = {Chiasson, Mike and Ola Henfridsson and Helena Karsten and DeGross, JaniceI.}
}
@article {1073,
	title = {Rationality and Foolishness: Alternative Forecasting Systems in a Manufacturing Firm},
	volume = {356},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {77-92},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	keywords = {Forecasting, forecasting support systems, organizations, rationality},
	isbn = {978-3-642-21363-2},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-21364-9_6},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21364-9_6},
	author = {Brown, Charlotte},
	editor = {Chiasson, Mike and Ola Henfridsson and Helena Karsten and DeGross, JaniceI.}
}
@article {1056,
	title = {Researching the Future: The Information Systems Discipline{\textquoteright}s Futures Infrastructure},
	volume = {356},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {1-7},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	isbn = {978-3-642-21363-2},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-21364-9_1},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21364-9_1},
	author = {Chiasson, Mike and Ola Henfridsson},
	editor = {Chiasson, Mike and Ola Henfridsson and Helena Karsten and DeGross, JaniceI.}
}
@article {1059,
	title = {The Role of Technology in Shaping the Professional Future of Community Pharmacists: The Case of the Electronic Prescription Service in the English National Health Service},
	volume = {356},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {179-195},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	keywords = {community pharmacy, electronic prescriptions, Professionals, technology},
	isbn = {978-3-642-21363-2},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-21364-9_12},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21364-9_12},
	author = {Petrakaki, Dimitra and Tony Cornford and Hibberd, Ralph and Lichtner, Valentina and Barber, Nick},
	editor = {Chiasson, Mike and Ola Henfridsson and Helena Karsten and DeGross, JaniceI.}
}
@article {1065,
	title = {The Social Design of Information Systems},
	volume = {356},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {287-290},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	isbn = {978-3-642-21363-2},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-21364-9_18},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21364-9_18},
	author = {Steve Sawyer and Venkatesh, Murali and Juhani Iivari and Cathy Urquhart and Light, Ben},
	editor = {Chiasson, Mike and Ola Henfridsson and Helena Karsten and DeGross, JaniceI.}
}
@article {1058,
	title = {The Standardized Nurse: Mission Impossible?},
	volume = {356},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {163-178},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	keywords = {dependency, efficiency, nursing work, quality, Standardization},
	isbn = {978-3-642-21363-2},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-21364-9_11},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21364-9_11},
	author = {Pedersen, Rune and Gunnar Ellingsen and Eric Monteiro},
	editor = {Chiasson, Mike and Ola Henfridsson and Helena Karsten and DeGross, JaniceI.}
}
@unpublished {439,
	title = {Stigmergy and Implicit Coordination in Software Development},
	year = {2011},
	author = {Howison, James and {\O}sterlund, Carsten and Kevin Crowston and Bolici, Francesco}
}
@article {1063,
	title = {Systems of Innovation, Multidisciplinarity, and Methodological Pluralism: A Realist Approach to Guide the Future of Information Systems Research and Practice},
	volume = {356},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {249-268},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	keywords = {critical realism, information systems, Information systems research and practice, methodological pluralism, multidisciplinarity, SME policies, systems of innovation approach},
	isbn = {978-3-642-21363-2},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-21364-9_16},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21364-9_16},
	author = {Vega, Arturo and Brown, David},
	editor = {Chiasson, Mike and Ola Henfridsson and Helena Karsten and DeGross, JaniceI.}
}
@article {1066,
	title = {Teaching Foresight and the Future},
	volume = {356},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {291-293},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	keywords = {curriculum development, Futures studies, prospective thinking, strategic foresight, teaching information systems},
	isbn = {978-3-642-21363-2},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-21364-9_19},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21364-9_19},
	author = {Carmel, Erran and Avital, Michel and Paul Gray and Kallinikos, Jannis and John Leslie King},
	editor = {Chiasson, Mike and Ola Henfridsson and Helena Karsten and DeGross, JaniceI.}
}
@proceedings {417,
	title = {Technology adoption and use: Theory review for studying scientists{\textquoteright} continued use of cyber-infrastructure},
	year = {2011},
	month = {10/2011},
	address = {New Orleans, LA},
	abstract = {In this paper, we seek to identify factors that might increase the likelihood of adoption and continued use of cyber-infrastructure by scientists. To do so, we review the main research on Information and Communications Technology (ICT) adoption and use by addressing research problems, theories and models used, findings, and limitations. We focus particularly on the individual user perspective. We categorize previous studies into two groups: Adoption research and post-adoption (continued use) research. In addition, we review studies specifically regarding cyber-infrastructure adoption and use by scientists and other special user groups. We identify the limitations of previous theories, models and research findings appearing in the literature related to our current interest in scientists{\textquoteright} adoption and continued use of cyber-infrastructure. We synthesize the previous theories and models used for ICT adoption and use, and then we develop a theoretical framework for studying scientists{\textquoteright} adoption and use of cyber-infrastructure. We also proposed a research design based on the research model developed. Implications for researchers and practitioners are provided.},
	author = {Kim, Youngseek and Kevin Crowston}
}
@article {1067,
	title = {Toward an Approach to Generate Forward-Looking Theories Using Systems Concepts},
	volume = {356},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {11-26},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	keywords = {project management, research, Systems thinking},
	isbn = {978-3-642-21363-2},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-21364-9_2},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21364-9_2},
	author = {Sewchurran, Kosheek and Brown, Irwin},
	editor = {Chiasson, Mike and Ola Henfridsson and Helena Karsten and DeGross, JaniceI.}
}
@article {9999,
	title = {Validity issues in the use of social network analysis with digital trace data},
	journal = {Journal of the Association for Information Systems},
	volume = {12},
	year = {2011},
	month = {12/2011},
	chapter = {Article 2},
	abstract = {There is an exciting natural match between social network analysis methods and the growth of data sources produced by social interactions via information technologies, from online communities to corporate information systems. Information Systems researchers have not been slow to embrace this combination of method and data. Such systems increasingly provide "digital trace data" that provide new research opportunities. Yet digital trace data are substantively different from the survey and interview data for which network analysis measures and interpretations were originally developed. This paper examines ten validity issues associated with the combination of data digital trace data and social network analysis methods, with examples from the IS literature, to provide recommendations for improving the validity of research using this combination.},
	keywords = {Information System, Social Network Analysis, Virtuality},
	url = {http://aisel.aisnet.org/jais/vol12/iss12/2/},
	author = {Howison, James and Kevin Crowston and Wiggins, Andrea}
}
@proceedings {2011,
	title = {What characterizes documents that bridge boundaries compared to documents that do not? An exploratory study of documentation in FLOSS teams},
	year = {2011},
	month = {1/2011},
	edition = {44th},
	keywords = {Documents, FLOSS, Genre},
	author = {{\O}sterlund, Carsten and Kevin Crowston}
}
@article {1072,
	title = {What Does the Future Hold? A Critical View of Emerging Information and Communication Technologies and Their Social Consequences},
	volume = {356},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {59-76},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	keywords = {Emerging ICT, methodology, social consequences},
	isbn = {978-3-642-21363-2},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-21364-9_5},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21364-9_5},
	author = {Bernd Carsten Stahl},
	editor = {Chiasson, Mike and Ola Henfridsson and Helena Karsten and DeGross, JaniceI.}
}
@article {1074,
	title = {What Future? Which Technology? On the Problem of Describing Relevant Futures},
	volume = {356},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {95-108},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	keywords = {Emerging ICT, epistemology, ontology, participative technology assessment},
	isbn = {978-3-642-21363-2},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-21364-9_7},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21364-9_7},
	author = {Bernd Carsten Stahl},
	editor = {Chiasson, Mike and Ola Henfridsson and Helena Karsten and DeGross, JaniceI.}
}
@article {1068,
	title = {Will Current Trends in Information Systems Development Lead to More Visible Usage of Socio-technical Approaches?},
	volume = {356},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {295-297},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	isbn = {978-3-642-21363-2},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-21364-9_20},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21364-9_20},
	author = {Alter, Steven and Mikko Korpela and Petkov, Doncho and Nancy Russo},
	editor = {Chiasson, Mike and Ola Henfridsson and Helena Karsten and DeGross, JaniceI.}
}
@conference {2011,
	title = {Work as coordination and coordination as work: A process perspective on FLOSS development projects},
	booktitle = {Third International Symposium on Process Organization Studies},
	year = {2011},
	month = {6/2011},
	address = {Corfu, Greece},
	url = {http://www.process-symposium.com/},
	author = {Kevin Crowston and {\O}sterlund, Carsten and Howison, James and Bolici, Francesco}
}
@article {verplanke2010citizen,
	title = {Citizen Surveillance of the State: A mirror for eGovernment?},
	journal = {What Kind of Information Society? Governance, Virtuality, Surveillance, Sustainability, Resilience},
	year = {2010},
	pages = {185{\textendash}201},
	publisher = {Springer Boston},
	author = {Verplanke, Jeroen and Martinez, Javier and Miscione, Gianluca and Georgiadou, Yola and Coleman, David and Hassan, Abdishakur}
}
@inbook {verplanke2010citizenegovernment,
	title = {Citizen surveillance of the state: A mirror for egovernment?},
	volume = {328},
	year = {2010},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {185{\textendash}201},
	abstract = {{\textcopyright} IFIP International Federation for Information Processing 2010. This paper discusses, conceptually and empirically, the role of geographic ICT (geoICT) and virtual globes (e.g. Google Earth) at the interface of public policy and citizens. Our preliminary findings from on-going field work in an Indian city and in Zanzibar suggest that virtual globe technology can potentially transfer to citizens surveillance power, traditionally held by the government. Starting from the traditional electronic government framework, where bureaucracy acts as a filter between policy makers and citizens with grievances, we outline an emerging framework where commercial virtual globes act as mediators between policy-makers and citizens. We show that the emerging framework holds the potential of allowing citizens concerned, in our case, about the quality of water services, to influence policy makers directly. The virtual globe acts as a mirror to the traditional eGovernment framework and lends a different societal visibility both to public services provision, and to localized citizens{\textquoteright} needs.},
	isbn = {9783642154782},
	issn = {1868-4238},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-15479-9_19},
	author = {Verplanke, J and Martinez, J and Miscione, G and Georgiadou, Y and Coleman, D and Hassan, AA}
}
@article {verplankecitizenegovernment,
	title = {Citizen Surveillance of the State: A Mirror for eGovernment?},
	journal = {SSRN Electronic Journal},
	year = {2010},
	publisher = {Elsevier BV},
	doi = {10.2139/ssrn.2617208},
	author = {Verplanke, J and Martinez, J and Miscione, G and Georgiadou, Y and Coleman, D and Hassan, AA}
}
@article {1188,
	title = {A Conceptual Framework for Consumer Information Systems Development},
	journal = {Pacific Asia Journal of the AIS},
	volume = {2},
	number = {1},
	year = {2010},
	pages = {47-66},
	type = {Journal Article},
	abstract = {Consumer information systems (CIS) are an emerging area of inquiry for information systems researchers. IS researchers have traditionally emphasized efficiency and effectiveness of organizational processes and system use. However, design for consumer information systems requires more attention to be paid to processes of value creation embedded in the consumer experience. This shift in focus demands a reconsideration of current information systems development approaches. In this paper we propose a conceptual framework for consumer information systems development. The framework includes six elements of co-creation of consumer value. The framework is illustrated by reviewing the findings from three case studies.},
	author = {Tuunanen, Tuure and Michael D. Myers and Cassab, Harold}
}
@article {IFIP AICT03180348,
	title = {Opening up the Agile Innovation Process},
	volume = {318},
	year = {2010},
	pages = {348{\textendash}349},
	publisher = {Springer},
	isbn = {978-3-642-12112-8},
	author = {Conboy, Kieran and Brian Donnellan and Lorraine Morgan and Wang, Xiaofeng},
	editor = {Jan Pries-Heje and Venable, John and Deborah Bunker and Nancy L. Russo and Janice I. DeGross}
}
@article {794,
	title = {An Action Research on Open Knowledge and Technology Transfer},
	volume = {301/2009},
	year = {2009},
	pages = {211 - 223},
	publisher = {Springer},
	chapter = {15},
	abstract = {R\&D has always been considered a strategic asset of companies. Traditionally, companies that have their own R\&D function are better prepared to compete in the globalized economy because they are able to produce the knowledge and technology required to advance products and services. SMEs also need to become highly innovative and competitive in order to be successful. Nevertheless, their ability to have an internal R\&D function that effectively meets their innovation needs is usually very weak. Open innovation provides access to a vast amount of new ideas and technologies at lower costs than closed innovation. This paper presents an action research study being carried out at University of Minho to develop a business model and technology platform for an innovation brokering service connecting ideas and technologies being developed at Universities with the specific innovation needs of SMEs. The expected contributions of the study include the empirical investigation of the effectiveness and risks of crowdsourcing innovation when applied in the socio-economic context of a European developing country where SMEs represent 99,6\% of the businesses.
},
	issn = {978-3-642-02387-3},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02388-0_15},
	author = {Ramos, Isabel and Cardoso, Margarida and Jo{\~a}o Carvalho and Gra{\c c}a, Jos{\'e}}
}
@article {798,
	title = {Creativity in Agile Systems Development: A Literature Review},
	volume = {301/2009},
	year = {2009},
	pages = {122 - 134},
	publisher = {Springer},
	chapter = {9},
	abstract = {Proponents of agile methods claim that enabling, fostering and driving creativity is the key motivation that differentiates agile methods from their more traditional, beauraucratic counterparts. However, there is very little rigorous research to support this claim. Like most of their predecessors, the development and promotion of these methods has been almost entirely driven by practitioners and consultants, with little objective validation from the research community. This lack of validation is particularly relevant for SMEs, given that many of their project teams typify the environment to which agile methods are most suited i.e. small, co-located teams with diverse, blended skills in unstructured, sometimes even chaotic surroundings. This paper uses creativity theory as a lens to review the current agile method literature to understand exactly how much we
know about the extent to which creativity actually occurs in these agile environments. The study reveals many gaps and conflict of opinion in the body of knowledge in its current state and identifies many avenues for further research.
},
	issn = {978-3-642-02387-3},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02388-0_9},
	author = {Conboy, Kieran and Wang, Xiaofeng and Brian Fitzgerald}
}
@article {588,
	title = {Open Access Publishing to Nurture the Sprouts of Knowledge and the Future of Information Systems Research},
	journal = {Communications of the Association for Information Systems},
	volume = {24},
	year = {2009},
	pages = {509-522},
	keywords = {academic journals, ePrints, mass collaboration, online repositories, Open Access, scholarly publishing, Sprouts, working papers},
	url = {http://aisel.aisnet.org/cais/vol24/iss1/30/},
	author = {Majchrzak, Ann and Avital, M and Lyytinen, K and Bj{\"o}rk, B-C and Boland, R and Kevin Crowston}
}
@article {810,
	title = {Towards a Model of Technology Adoption: A Conceptual Model Proposition},
	volume = {301/2009},
	year = {2009},
	pages = {287 - 305},
	publisher = {Springer},
	chapter = {20},
	abstract = {A conceptual model for Information Communication Technology (ICT) adoption by Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) is proposed. The research uses several ICT adoption models as its basis with theoretical underpinning provided by the Diffusion of Innovation theory and the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Taking an exploratory research approach the model was investigated amongst 200 SMEs whose core business is ICT. Evidence from this study demonstrates that these SMEs face the same issues as all other industry sectors. This work points out weaknesses in SMEs environments regarding ICT adoption and suggests what they may need to do to increase the success rate of any proposed adoption. The methodology for development of the framework is described and recommendations made for improved Government-led ICT adoption initiatives. Application of the general methodology has resulted in new opportunities to embed the ethos and culture surrounding the issues into the framework of new projects developed as a result of Government intervention. A conceptual model is proposed that may lead to a deeper understanding of the issues under consideration.
},
	issn = {978-3-642-02387-3},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02388-0_20},
	author = {Costello, Pat and Moreton, Rob}
}
@article {754,
	title = {A Case Study Approach to Examining Service Information Requirements},
	year = {2008},
	month = {2008},
	pages = {383 - 385},
	abstract = {In this paper, we propose a case study approach to examine and assess the information required to underpin services for particular industrial service offerings. The focus of this paper is on the means by which service information requirements may be extracted
 and understood, as opposed to on how service information requirements are subsequently used.
 The termservice information requirements refers to a set of information needed to support the delivery of a service to a customer. The area of service information
 requirements is a new, and a less researched, area compared with product information requirements. Service is important for
 both product and service delivering organizations as companies move toward the provision of integrated solutions. Within manufacturing,
 one of the most significant trends is toward servitization, in particular for high-value, complex goods, where the focus of
 the product and service providers is on the associated service delivered.
 Informationis important in service as a means of enhancing decisions. The information has no direct value, but the impact
 of improved information quality can reduce costs or enhance service decisions. In the context of product servicing, the information
 can provide details about the condition and usage of the product. In a service delivery context, information provides the
 specification of the customer to enable service delivery decisions to be made.
 This research proposes a process of obtaining service information requirements in order to determine the needs of the customer
 and to determine the information required for the supplier to deliver this service to the customer. To achieve this approach,
 we propose a service information model (see Figure 1).
 The first stage of this approach is to identify the specification process or the information needed to translate the customer need into requirements in the form of a performance-based contract.
 Having gained an understanding of the requirements of the service, the actual process for the delivery of the service is mapped to identify the information needed to deliver the service.
 The evaluation stage determines the information needed to assess the service provided against that specified, and the means by which the
 measurements of service delivery are achieved.
 Analysis of the approach should assess the role of information and its impact on the performance of the service delivery process
 as well as an understanding of the consequences of a variation in information quality throughout the requirements, delivery,
 and evaluation processes. From this analysis, two questions need to be answered.
 (1)\&nbsp;
 What is the impact of the information on the service performance?
 (2)\&nbsp;
 What is the current quality of the information?
 The proposed approach to service information requirements collection, detailed in the paper, will test the effectiveness in
 determining the information requirements for service provision. This will be achieved through a series of cross-sector case
 studies. A further extension to this could assess the industry status of information requirements.
},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-09768-8_34},
	author = {Cuthbert, Rachel and Pennesi, Paris and McFarlane, Duncan}
}
@inbook {928,
	title = {Challenges of Consumer Information Systems Development: The Case of Interactive Television Services},
	booktitle = {Advances in Information Systems Research, Education and Practice},
	series = {IFIP 20th World Congress , TC8, Information Systems, September 7-10, 2008, Milan, Italy},
	year = {2008},
	pages = {89-100},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	address = {New York},
	author = {Tuunanen, Tuure and Michael D. Myers and Cassab, Harold},
	editor = {Avison, David and Kasper, George M and Pernici, Barbara and Ramos, Isabel and Dewald Roode}
}
@article {762,
	title = {Complicating Utopian and Dystopian Views of Automation: An Investigation of the Work and Knowledge Involved in the Call Center Offshoring Industry in India},
	year = {2008},
	month = {2008},
	pages = {331 - 339},
	abstract = {Offshoring is motivated by the relocation and standardization of organizational services to remote locations{\textemdash}typically the so-called developing nations{\textemdash}in order to achieve substantial cost efficiencies. Standardized business practices, aided by
 information technologies, are assumed to mobilize and recover the service practices in these new contexts. In this paper,
 we examine the boundary objects and boundary work involved in call center work. Data from several interviews with managers,
 industry consultants, and agents in the call center industry reveal that the recovery of call center practices in India involves
 substantial managerial and employee work, in order to manage and stitch together the diverse cultural and practical interests
 of the various groups. As a result, beneath the automated and simplified appearance of call center work is an underlying complexity
 of boundary work and boundary objects involved in linking the various participants{\textemdash}both human and nonhuman{\textemdash}into a temporarily
 stable industry. The result is a complication to both utopian and dystopian views of call center work.
},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-09768-8_24},
	author = {Devadoss, Paul and Chiasson, Mike}
}
@article {760,
	title = {Co-Orienting the Object: An Activity-Theoretical Analysis of the UK{\textquoteright}s National Program for Information Technology},
	year = {2008},
	month = {2008},
	pages = {259 - 270},
	abstract = {This paper contributes to research on the success and failure of information and communication technologies (ICT) by focusing on the learning processes associated with the development of new ICT projects and the way they challenge and extend familiar
 organizational limits. Drawing on recent developments in activity theory, we provide an analysis of oral and written evidence
 taken before a House of Commons Committee in relation to the UK{\textquoteright}s National Program for IT (NPfIT). Our preliminary findings
 point to the ways in which new objects of activity such as the NPfIT can emerge from the meeting of contrasting forms of discursive
 activity, as well as how new policy insights can be translated into new organizational practices. We conclude with some implications
 for further research.
},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-09768-8_18},
	author = {Constantinides, Panos and Blackler, Frank}
}
@article {764,
	title = {eHealth: Redefining Health Care in the Light of Technology},
	year = {2008},
	month = {2008},
	pages = {357 - 362},
	abstract = {Information and communication technology is now the major enabler for healthcare organizations on many levels{\textemdash} national, regional and local{\textemdash}hoping to achieve structural and cultural change in healthcare provision; for example, the UK{\textquoteright}s NPfIT (National Program for IT) and the National Health Information Initiative in the United States. Final NPfIT costs are variously estimated from {\textsterling}12billion to {\textsterling}31 billion. Major initiatives are also underway in other developed as well as developing economies to address healthcare issues with eHealth technologies.
},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-09768-8_28},
	author = {Chiasson, Mike and Flynn, Donal and Bonnie Kaplan and Lehoux, Pascale and LeRouge, Cynthia}
}
@article {756,
	title = {An Epistemology of Organizational Emergence: The Tripartite Domains of Organizational Discourse and the Servitization of IBM},
	year = {2008},
	month = {2008},
	pages = {367 - 370},
	abstract = {This paper draws from 21 years of discourse to examine a narrative about IBM{\textquoteright}s transition to a service-oriented company. Covering three leadership eras during a period of sweeping change for IBM and the information technology industry, this discourse,
 found in the IBM Corporation{\textquoteright}s annual reports, in illustrates the emergence of policy, technology, and business models in
 one of the largest and most influential IT companies in the world. Our purpose in drawing from these texts is twofold: (1)
 to provide a more thorough discussion of the notion of {\textquotedblleft}emergence{\textquotedblright} in IT organizational settings, and (2) to introduce a fuller
 process model of how emergence is manifest in organizational discourse than is currently present.
 In much of the information systems literature, the term emergence has been informally used in describing organizational contexts and the process of IS development (Markus and Robey 1988;
 Orlikowski 1996; Pfeffer and Leblebici, 1977). In three papers, Truex and his colleagues formally describe and situate a theory
 of emergence in the discourse on ISD methods (Truex and Baskerville 1998, Truex, Baskerville, and Klein 1999; Truex, Baskerville,
 and Travis 2000). They liken ISD to {\textquotedblleft}emergent grammars{\textquotedblright} in a linguistic system. However, they stop short of developing a full
 epistemology of the notion and provide little more than analogical and descriptive examples grounded in linguist Paul Hopper{\textquoteright}s
 (1987, 1988) emergent grammar hypothesis. The incomplete development of the epistemology and an ontology of the emergence
 construct has proven problematic for scholars attempting to apply emergence theory in practice (Bello et al. 2002). While
 researchers or practitioners might find the idea of emergent organizations inviting, without descriptive and explanatory models,
 the concept is difficult to use in the practice or study of information systems. Accordingly, this paper seeks to contribute
 to the development of a theory of emergence.
 We draw from the organizational communication and organizational discourse literature. In a subset of this community, scholars
 have advanced theories on the nature of organization as a discursive construction. For them, discourse is the very foundation
 on which {\textquotedblleft}organization{\textquotedblright} is built (Fairhurst and Putnam 2004; Heracleous 2006; Heracleous and Barrett 2001; Taylor and Robichaud
 2004; Taylor and Van Every 2000). Using this meta-theoretical framework, we explore how emergence arises through an examination
 of IBM{\textquoteright}s annual reports and industry-level discourses, which were, in turn, influenced in part by the IBM declarations and
 subsequent behavioral changes.
 We introduce a new process model of organizational emergence by extending and addressing shortcomings in a set of current
 perspectives in the literature. The tripartite domain model identifies three domains{\textemdash}context, task, and negotiation-at-hand{\textemdash}as
 integral components of any concrete occurrence of discourse. To test its efficacy, we apply the tripartite domain model post hoc to a longitudinal set of IBM Corporation data. The tripartite domain model provides a lens to examine the servitization of
 IBM and, in the process, illustrates the emergent discourse on the notion of {\textquotedblleft}service{\textquotedblright} and on the evolution of the meaning
 of {\textquotedblleft}customer{\textquotedblright} in the IBM dataset.
},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-09768-8_30},
	author = {Carter, Michelle and Takeda, Hirotoshi and Truex, Duane}
}
@article {948,
	title = {Fuzzy based approach for capturing user perception in information retrieval},
	year = {2008},
	pages = {39-47},
	publisher = {L.M. Patnaik and Venugopal (EDs.), IK Publishers, India .},
	author = {Ch. Aswani Kumar, R. Agarwal, S. Bhattacharya, B. Dinakaran}
}
@article {950,
	title = {Fuzzy based approach for capturing user perception in information retrieval},
	year = {2008},
	pages = {39-47},
	publisher = {L.M. Patnaik and Venugopal (EDs.), IK Publishers, India .},
	author = {Ch. Aswani Kumar, R. Agarwal, S. Bhattacharya, B. Dinakaran}
}
@booklet {340,
	title = {Knowledge Management for Industrial Heritage},
	howpublished = {Methods and Tools for Effective Knowledge Life-Cycle-Management},
	year = {2008},
	month = {2008///},
	pages = {307 - 330},
	abstract = {All along history, humans have always invented, created to improve their standard of living. Many machines have been built, sometimes simple and others very complex. In order to achieve the best results for customers, machines, industrial plants and humans are moved, displaced and replaced. It is the global humanity technical knowledge that disappears. Indeed, there is a lack in the actually conservation methods: sciences and technologies have to be considered and not only architecture. Our heritage research focuses on the mechanical and technical point of view. For instance, in a factory, there is the building but also actuators, motors and machines that produce product: taking into account the technical point of view can reach to a better understanding of the past. That{\textquoteright}s why preserving the national technical patrimony has now become the priority of governments and world organizations. Our approach proposes a new kind of finality: as saving and maintaining physical object cost a lot for museums, and sometimes dismantling is impossible as the machine falls in ruin, we propose to preserve it as a numerical object. The aim of this research is to define the global process and technologies used for implementing a numerical model of old machines. The final aim is to constitute a new reference for museologic actors, using actual techniques and methods for putting old machines and technical means in {\textquotedblleft}virtual use{\textquotedblright}, taking into account the working situation including human being at work. This process is illustrated by an example we performed: a steam engine.},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-78431-9_17},
	author = {Laroche, Florent and Bernard, Alain and Cotte, Michel}
}
@article {781,
	title = {The Service Behind the Service: Sensegiving in the Service Economy},
	year = {2008},
	month = {2008},
	pages = {117 - 126},
	abstract = {In this modest essay, we reflect on the crucial role of sensegiving, and hence sensemaking, in the creation of IT-enabled service encounters. {\textquotedblleft}Creation{\textquotedblright} has two meanings here: (1) the design of repeatable (reproducible) IT-enabled services, and (2) the on-going coproduction of IT-enabled service events by service providers and recipients. Indeed, we will argue that the sense given by diverse and role-differentiated actors
 constitutes in its own way a crucial and pervasive service that enables services in the more familiar sense. Sense-giving,
 as a {\textquotedblleft}service behind the service,{\textquotedblright} is of particular salience when it comes to novel IT-enabled services, because of the challenges
 posed by their innovative character. As a practical matter, we are especially interested in how failures in the delivery of
 innovative services can be caused by shortfalls in sensemaking and sensegiving, and how the difference between successful
 and failed service outcomes commonly turns on choices made during the design of IT-enabled service systems. These designs
 either recognize and embrace, or marginalize and ignore, the required and novel sensemaking and sensegiving of employees and
 customers. We also recognize that system designs are rarely determinative (as constraining as they might prove to be), and
 that service outcomes will still depend on the variable appropriation of information technology in real situations of practice.
 We conclude our essay by outlining some research directions in IT-enabled service delivery, arising from these issues.
},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-09768-8_8},
	author = {Ramiller, Neil and Chiasson, Mike}
}
@article {374,
	title = {Virtuality and Non-Virtuality in Remote Stock Trading},
	year = {2008},
	month = {2008///},
	pages = {159 - 172},
	abstract = {Advances in information technology allow for remote working, leading to suggestions that remote individuals can operate in virtual instead of face-to-face teams. This paper considers the continuation of face-to-face communication in a European group of stock traders, despite the capabilities of information technology to individuate the work. The case illustrates that traders prefer and need to work in face-to-face settings for various reasons. Short-term reasons arise from a need for instant and effortless communication in their manipulation of market prices and for instant knowledge sharing, leading to both higher individual and collective profits. Long-term reasons arise from a need for continuous learning by novices and experts, as stock markets and stock prices settle into behavioral patterns over longer periods of time. The implications for computing and work are discussed.},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-09768-8_11},
	author = {Fuente, Roger and Chiasson, Mike and Devadoss, Paul}
}
@article {787,
	title = {Virtuality and Non-Virtuality in Remote Stock Trading},
	year = {2008},
	month = {2008},
	pages = {159 - 172},
	abstract = {Advances in information technology allow for remote working, leading to suggestions that remote individuals can operate in virtual instead of face-to-face teams. This paper considers the continuation of face-to-face communication in a European group
 of stock traders, despite the capabilities of information technology to individuate the work. The case illustrates that traders
 prefer and need to work in face-to-face settings for various reasons. Short-term reasons arise from a need for instant and
 effortless communication in their manipulation of market prices and for instant knowledge sharing, leading to both higher
 individual and collective profits. Long-term reasons arise from a need for continuous learning by novices and experts, as
 stock markets and stock prices settle into behavioral patterns over longer periods of time. The implications for computing
 and work are discussed.
},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-09768-8_11},
	author = {Fuente, Roger and Chiasson, Mike and Devadoss, Paul}
}
@article {311,
	title = {Abstraction in Computer Science},
	journal = {Minds and Machines},
	volume = {17},
	year = {2007},
	month = {2007/07/01/},
	pages = {169 - 184},
	abstract = {We characterize abstraction in computer science by first comparing the fundamental nature of computer science with that of its cousin mathematics. We consider their primary products, use of formalism, and abstraction objectives, and find that the two disciplines are sharply distinguished. Mathematics, being primarily concerned with developing inference structures, has information neglect as its abstraction objective. Computer science, being primarily concerned with developing interaction patterns, has information hiding as its abstraction objective. We show that abstraction through information hiding is a primary factor in computer science progress and success through an examination of the ubiquitous role of information hiding in programming languages, operating systems, network architecture, and design patterns.},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11023-007-9061-7},
	author = {Colburn, Timothy and Shute, Gary}
}
@article {315,
	title = {Beyond Distributed Cognition},
	year = {2007},
	pages = {11 - 12},
	abstract = {American social science since World War II has been centrally shaped by the {\textquotedblleft}cognitive revolution.{\textquotedblright} Fields as disparate as behavioral economics and cognitive anthropology have exploited a shared core of ideas about the workings and limitations of human cognition, such short-term memory and judgment heuristics. This cognitive toolkit has been a principal asset in the efforts to understand and better support the requirements of newly emerging forms of virtual organization. This keynote address examines two other human faculties, habit and emotion. Across western intellectual history these have often been understood as equally important determinants of organized action, and this was the case in the period before World War II. However, since then habit and emotion have not been tightly integrated dimensions of our analyses of social life, including virtual organizing. Rather they have served, if present at all, as labels for clusters of exceptions, cases that involved issues not well handled by the default cognitive approach. Both habit and emotion are rising in psychology as topics of inquiry. These two additional human faculties are notable for being significantly less available to direct introspection, but powerful new measurement techniques{\textemdash}most notably various forms of scanning{\textemdash}are bringing into focus their large role in determining our actions. The keynote provides an overview of these developments and some suggestions some of their implications for the understanding and supporting virtual organizing with concepts that make habit and emotion more central to the primary analysis.},
	doi = {10.1007/978-0-387-73025-7_2},
	author = {Cohen, Michael}
}
@article {384,
	title = {Competency Rallying Processes in Virtual Organizations},
	year = {2007},
	pages = {67 - 83},
	abstract = {Firms face an environment changing at an increasingly rapid pace. Unfortunately, the speed at which organizations can adapt their strategies and competencies to exploit such opportunities remains limited. In this paper we weave together an external perspective on market-facing with an internal perspective on competency development and marshalling to describe the organizational activities necessary for firms to cooperate within a virtual organization. We argue that firms can address their individual limitations through a systematic process that we call {\textquotedblleft}competence rallying,{\textquotedblright} with which they can access market opportunities and additional needed competencies. Specifically, we present a local process theory of how one network of firms reliably engineers and delivers manufacturing projects using an inter-organizational process that works to meet short-term market opportunities. Our theory is grounded in the experiences of the Virtuelle Fabrik project, an organized network for regional cooperation in the manufacturing industry around the Bodensee in Europe. The success of manufacturing projects in a virtual organization is predicated on specific organizational activities in four phases of the competence rallying process: 1) identification and development of competencies, 2) identification and facing of market opportunities, 3) marshalling of competencies, and 4) a short-term cooperative effort.},
	doi = {10.1007/978-0-387-73025-7_7},
	author = {Katzy, Bernard and Kevin Crowston}
}
@article {332,
	title = {Exploring the Nature of Virtuality},
	year = {2007},
	pages = {373 - 377},
	abstract = {There has been considerable interest in the topic of virtuality over the last few years among both academics and practitioners. The focus of attention has generally been on how to improve collaboration and knowledge sharing, how to develop trust and cohesiveness within virtual organizations, virtual teams and virtual communities, and how to best support virtual interactions. Underlying this research area is the assumption that we possess sufficient understanding about the nature of virtuality and that we know how to distinguish {\textquoteleft}what is virtual{\textquoteright} to {\textquoteleft}what is not virtual{\textquoteright}. Even though several of us have attempted on various occasions to make a contribution in this field, we increasingly recognize that the nature of virtuality has not been well conceptualized in the literature. Part of the reason for this is that researchers, including us, often have the tendency to compare the virtual (distributed and CMC-based) to the traditional (collocated, and face-to-face) environment. We question this purely technological distinction, but recognize that virtuality, as an IT-enabled phenomenon, is increasingly extending its reach, becoming more global and more pervasive across all spheres of society. The theme of this panel is to examine, appreciate, and debate the multi-dimensional nature of what virtuality has been, is, and may become-specifically, its global and local dimensions, including the different interpretations that are and should be given to these dimensions.},
	doi = {10.1007/978-0-387-73025-7_26},
	author = {Niki Panteli and Chiasson, Mike and Yan, Lin and Angeliki Poulymenakou and Papargyris, Anthony}
}
@article {362,
	title = {The Role of Shapers in Knowledge-Sharing},
	year = {2007},
	pages = {383 - 386},
	abstract = {Wikis are a collaborative technology that allows for new ways of working and sharing knowledge. While most firms today have been experimenting with wikis, an important element of the use of wikis that has generally been ignored is the role of the people who shape the wiki pages. Shapers ensure the sustainability of a wiki community by helping to ensure that new ideas and contributions are made and organized. This panel consists of four practitioners who play critical shaping roles in their wiki communities, and two academics who will begin, moderate, and summarize the session. The panel of practitioners will share their thoughts on why they shape, how they shape, and how other communities can help to encourage participants to adopt the shaping role.},
	doi = {10.1007/978-0-387-73025-7_28},
	author = {Majchrzak, Ann and Wagner, Chris and Riehle, Dirk and Thoeny, Peter and Shah, Sunir and Cunningham, Ward}
}
@article {363,
	title = {The Social in the Virtual},
	year = {2007},
	pages = {379 - 382},
	abstract = {Virtuality is often defined solely as that which lacks or is not material reality, and as such, much of the social order that is uniquely engendered within technologically-mediated realities has been inadequately described. This panel attempts to define virtuality on its own terms, instead of as reality-negative, by showcasing four perspectives of social interaction in virtual space. Panelists Elizabeth Churchill, Thomas Erickson, Cliff Lampe, and Rosanne Siino will share insights into the social orders in the virtualities of their interests. Presentations will be followed by a discussion among panelists and panel participants.},
	doi = {10.1007/978-0-387-73025-7_27},
	author = {Chong, Jan and Erickson, Ingrid and Lee, Kathy and Siino, Rosanne}
}
@conference {349,
	title = {Some Usability Issues of Augmented and Mixed Reality for e-Health Applications in the Medical Domain},
	booktitle = {HCI and Usability for Medicine and Health Care},
	year = {2007},
	pages = {255 - 266},
	abstract = {Augmented and Mixed Reality technology provides to the medical field the possibility for seamless visualization of text-based physiological data and various graphical 3D data onto the patient{\textquoteright}s body. This allows improvements in diagnosis and treatment of patients. For the patient, this technology offers benefits and further potential in therapy, rehabilitation and diagnosis, and explanation. Applications across the whole range of functions that affect the health sector from the physician, the medical student, to the patients are possible. However, the quality of the work of medical professionals is considerably influenced by both usefulness and usability of technology. Consequently, key issues in developing such applications are the tracking methodology, the display technology and most of all ensuring good usability. There have been several research groups who extended the state of the art in employing these technologies in the medical domain. However, only a few are addressing issues of Human-Computer Interaction, Interaction Design, and Usability Engineering. This paper provides a brief overview over the history and the most recent developments in this domain with a special focus on issues of user-centered development.},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-540-76805-0_21},
	author = {Behringer, Reinhold and Christian, Johannes and Holzinger, Andreas and Wilkinson, Steve}
}
@article {350,
	title = {Spatial and Temporal Boundaries in Global Teams},
	year = {2007},
	pages = {85 - 98},
	abstract = {While spatial boundaries include the geographic differences among team members (different cities), temporal boundaries include the workday differences among team members (different time zones). In global teams members have to deal with both spatial and temporal boundaries since their co-workers are often located in cities within and across time zones. For global team members with high spatial boundaries and low temporal boundaries (those in different cities in the same time zone), synchronous communication technologies such as the telephone and instant messenger provide a means for real-time interaction. However, for global team members with high spatial boundaries and high temporal boundaries (those in different cities in different time zones), asynchronous communication technologies, such as e-mail and web software, provide a way to interact intermittently. Using social network data from 625 team members (representing 5986 pairs) across 137 global teams in a multi-national semiconductor firm, we explore the impact of spatial and temporal boundaries on coordination delay. We also illustrate how member awareness can reduce coordination delay, thus increasing the likelihood of better global team performance.},
	doi = {10.1007/978-0-387-73025-7_8},
	author = {Cummings, Jonathon and Espinosa, J. and Pickering, Cynthia}
}
@article {310,
	title = {A Structurational Perspective on Leadership in Virtual Teams},
	year = {2007},
	pages = {151 - 168},
	abstract = {Building on behavioural leadership theory and structuration theory, we present a two-order theory of leadership. It describes four classes of first-order leadership behaviours (task coordination, substantive task contribution, group maintenance and boundary spanning) and defines second-order leadership as behaviour that influences changes in the structure that guides group action. We argue that second-order leadership is enabled by first-order leadership and is therefore action embedded and grounded in processes that define the social identity of the group. We propose that effective virtual teams will exhibit a paradoxical combination of shared, distributed first-order leadership complemented by strong, concentrated, and centralized second-order leadership. We conclude by suggesting future research that might be conducted to test and further elaborate our theory.},
	doi = {10.1007/978-0-387-73025-7_12},
	author = {Heckman, Robert and Kevin Crowston and Misiolek, Nora}
}
@article {375,
	title = {Virtuality and Virtualization},
	year = {2007},
	pages = {1 - 7},
	abstract = {In today{\textquoteright}s rapidly changing global work environment, all workers directly experience increased organizational complexity. Companies are functionally distributed, many across the globe. Intense competition for markets and margins makes adaptiveness and innovation imperative. Information and communication technologies (ICT) are pervasive and fundamental infrastructures, their use deeply integrated into work processes. Workers collaborate electronically with co-workers they may never meet face-to-face or with employees of other companies. New boundaries of time, space, business unit, culture, company partnerships, and software tools are driving the adoption of a variety of novel organizational forms. On a macro-level, these changes have started to reshape society, leading some to speak of the {\textquotedblleft}Network Society{\textquotedblright} and the {\textquotedblleft}Information Age.{\textquotedblright}},
	doi = {10.1007/978-0-387-73025-7_1},
	author = {Kevin Crowston and Sandra Sieber}
}
@booklet {328,
	title = {Downtime on the Net: The Rise of Virtual Leisure Industries},
	howpublished = {The International Handbook of Virtual Learning Environments},
	year = {2006},
	month = {2006///},
	pages = {961 - 998},
	abstract = {When Manuel Castells in 2001 came to focus on the culture of the internet, attempting to describe its curious amalgam of origins and influences, and their persistence in the values present in its manifold operations, he suggested that it was in many ways a culturally schizoid medium. On the one hand, as maintained for instance in the many myths of its APARNET military foundation, it presents as a scientific, pragmatic, rational, communicative instrument; a standardized, and so regulatory set of operations to facilitate and accelerate data flows. But at the same time, given its long conception in a largely informal and highly collegial set of laboratory backrooms and University graduate-assistant work zones, it has inbuilt elements of the sorts of libertarianism or radical communitarianism identified by Bauman (2000). It retains a playfulness, a feisty independence, and an innovative edge, among the enduring marks of its operations. Perhaps then it should come as less of a surprise that we have come to see leisure pursuits: pastimes popularly conceived as belonging in the personal domain of self-expressiveness, private recreation or {\textquotedblleft}downtime{\textquotedblright} sociability; as prominent agents of the Net{\textquoteright}s development. In some cases, whether desired or not as part of any {\textquotedblleft}official{\textquotedblright} history of this currently central cultural medium, online recreation or {\textquotedblleft}virtual leisure{\textquotedblright} has been positioned among the dominant elements within the internet{\textquoteright}s development. Consider for instance persistent suggestions that the technologization of online pornography has contributed new forms of interactivity to webcam and online video use (Slater, 1998; Williams, 1990); innovations introduced at least as early as those for scientized telemedicine for instance, and rather more widely used. In some of the very earliest academic analyses of online content and services-often published in screen journals, before the rise of more specialized publishing sources- analysts and researchers were already aware of powerful online communities working around such {\textquotedblleft}unrespectable{\textquotedblright}, unproductive or even illicit activities as sex, game play, or just plain sociability.},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-3803-7_36},
	author = {Cook, Jackie}
}
@article {684,
	title = {How (Can) Nonusers Engage with Technology: Bringing in the Digitally Excluded},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {347 - 364},
	abstract = {This paper describes findings from the Penceil Project, which aims to explore the experiences of nonusers and minimal users of ICTs, how nonuse affects their inclusion or exclusion from society, and how they can learn to use ICTs to meet their personal
 goals. The paper considers the applicability of the technology adoption model (TAM) to understanding the experiences of this
 group of people. By looking at theories of social exclusion and the project research findings, the paper argues that TAM is
 limited in the range of social conditions it anticipates and, thus, presumes a facility in formulating aspirations for use
 that people excluded from the use of ICTs cannot have. We argue that we need to consider engagement with technology rather
 than just adoption. We consider the implications of these findings for designing a revised basic ICT curriculum and describe
 the piloting of a new curriculum. We argue that, as ICTs in general{\textemdash}and Internet use in particular{\textemdash}are experienced technologies,
 perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use need to be reformulated to recognize limitations on people{\textquoteright}s ability to construct
 plans for future action since an actor{\textquoteright}s world is disclosed through action not given in advance.
},
	doi = {10.1007/0-387-34588-4_23},
	author = {Cushman, Mike and Klecun, Ela}
}
@article {688,
	title = {Institutions, Community, and People: An Evaluation of a Longitudinal Digital Divide Experience},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {333 - 346},
	abstract = {A community computing center was established in late 2001 in a city council high-rise apartment block in Wellington, New Zealand{\textquoteright}s capital city. The center was one of five computing hubs (centers) of the Smart Newtown Project, established with economic
 and social inclusion objectives, in the lower socio-economic suburb of Newtown. The project aim was to reduce inequalities
 of access to information and communications technology (ICT). A partnership approach was adopted that included multiple stakeholders:
 city council employees and councillors, a communications trust, universities, staff of a computer corporation, and some apartment
 residents. After 4 years of operation, the center was closed and remains so at the time of writing. Using a theoretical framework
 that includes Warschauer{\textquoteright}s (2003) model of ICT for social inclusion, the concept of social capital, and Oldenburg{\textquoteright}s (1991)
 third place, this paper examines reasons for the center{\textquoteright}s closure. The main findings reveal that low social capital and the
 inadequate support of social resources in the form of the community and an institution were key factors in the closure of
 this initiative. Recommendations are made for implementing future projects.
},
	doi = {10.1007/0-387-34588-4_22},
	author = {Crump, Barbara}
}
@inbook {437,
	title = {Interpretative flexibility and hosted ERP systems},
	booktitle = {Agile information systems: Conceptualization, construction and management},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {188-206},
	publisher = {Elsevier},
	organization = {Elsevier},
	address = {Amsterdam},
	isbn = {0-07506-8235-3},
	url = {Agile2006.pdf},
	author = {Sarah Cadili and Edgar A. Whitley},
	editor = {Kevin C. Desouza}
}
@proceedings {443,
	title = {Panel: Determining the Profile of the ECIS Community a Bibliometrics Approach},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {2392-2393},
	address = {Goteborg},
	url = {ECIS2006panel.pdf},
	author = {Clemmensen, Torkil and Robert D. Galliers and Richard T. Vidgen and Edgar A. Whitley},
	editor = {Ljunberg, Jan and Andersson, Magnus}
}
@article {697,
	title = {Taking People out of the Network: A Deconstruction of {\textquotedblleft}Your Next IT Strategy{\textquotedblright}},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {317 - 332},
	abstract = {Web services are frequently discussed as {\textquotedblleft}the next big thing{\textquotedblright} in information technology architecture. The picture painted by pundits, practitioners, IT vendors, and academics is appealing technically: Web service applications {\textquotedblleft}exposed{\textquotedblright} to one another
 through standard protocols, navigating through an open infrastructure to search out counterparts over the Internet, with {\textquotedblleft}seamless{\textquotedblright}
 integration across business processes and enterprises, without human intervention. However, the vision of a computing architecture
 that takes {\textquotedblleft}people out of the network{\textquotedblright} has troubling social implications. In this paper, we utilize deconstruction as an analytic
 approach to examine a paper that promotes Web services, entitled {\textquotedblleft}Your Next IT Strategy{\textquotedblright} (Hagel and Brown 2001). Our analytic
 purpose is to generate interpretations of the text that surface assumptions about how this IT innovation may influence the
 social organization of IT-related work. Our interpretation suggests that the Web services architecture could contribute to
 reproduction and consolidation of control among already powerful socio-economic actors, while restructuring and automating
 the work of IT professionals and other knowledge workers. We conclude with a discussion of deconstruction as a research approach
 to investigate issues of social inclusion and IT innovation.
},
	doi = {10.1007/0-387-34588-4_21},
	author = {Elizabeth Davidson and Chiasson, Mike and Ruikar, Sachin}
}
@article {278,
	title = {Approaching Information Infrastructure as an Ecology of Ubiquitous Sociotechnical Relations},
	year = {2005},
	pages = {249 - 260},
	abstract = {In this paper, we seek to understand the ecology of ubiquitous sociotechnical relations involved in the development and use of information and communication technologies. We draw on some examples from an empirical case study on the development and use of a regional healthcare information technology network to illustrate our conceptualization of this information infrastructure as an ecology. We conclude with some implications for theory and practice.},
	doi = {10.1007/0-387-28918-6_19},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-387-28918-6_19},
	author = {Constantinides, Panos and Michael Barrett}
}
@article {277,
	title = {An International Mobile Security Standard Dispute: From the Actor{\textemdash}Network Perspective},
	year = {2005},
	pages = {293 - 304},
	abstract = {In 2004 there was a trade and technology dispute of significance between China and the United States surrounding a mobile security standard called WAPI (Wireless LAN Authentication and Privacy Infrastructure). Using the remarkable size of its domestic market as a lever, China is challenging some existing or being-shaped standards to set its own standards not only within its own territory but also potentially in the world markets. WAPI is another example in a series of these attempts. Using the actor{\textemdash}network theory, we investigate the process of mobile standards setting in the international context where superpowers like China and the United States compete.},
	doi = {10.1007/0-387-28918-6_22},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-387-28918-6_22},
	author = {Chan, Shirley and Lee, Heejin and Oh, Sangjo}
}
@article {496,
	title = {On the interpretative flexibility of hosted ERP systems},
	journal = {Journal of Strategic Information Systems},
	volume = {14},
	number = {2},
	year = {2005},
	pages = {167-195},
	isbn = {0963-8687},
	url = {JSIS2005.pdf},
	author = {Sarah Cadili and Edgar A. Whitley}
}
@article {294,
	title = {Scaling the Wall: Factors Influencing the Conditions for Market Entry in the Mobile Data Market},
	year = {2005},
	pages = {277 - 291},
	abstract = {Advances in mobile technology have created a fertile ground for the development of new and innovative information and entertainment services. However, the road from development to commercialization of these services is one that is currently under construction. In this research, we seek to understand the relationships between developers of information services and the powerful mobile network operators that dominate the industry, which in turn shed light on the forces shaping the diversity of information sources on the mobile Internet. To understand these relationships, we have undertaken a research project in which we follow the attempts of a small firm to commercialize their information service in the United States. The project combines knowledge of industry structures with the first-hand market entry experience of a small firm. Results derived from the application of an institutional economics theoretical lens indicate that informal institutions, technology, and market power have combined to create the context for mobile services provision, which can be characterized as a highly fragmented market. This market fragmentation, together with technology, market power, and informal institutions, defines the choices application developers must make and indirectly determines the developers who will and will not be able to enter the market.},
	doi = {10.1007/0-387-28918-6_21},
	author = {van Gorp, Annemijn and Maitland, Carleen and Cameron, Brian}
}
@article {497,
	title = {Special issue on Personal Reflections on Claudio Ciborra{\textquoteright}s life and work},
	journal = {European Journal of Information Systems},
	volume = {14},
	number = {5},
	year = {2005},
	isbn = {0197-2243},
	url = {./ClaudioSpecialIssue/},
	author = {Antonio Cordella and Edgar A. Whitley and Kallinikos, Jannis}
}
@article {228,
	title = {Applying Habermas{\textquoteright} Validity Claims as a Standard for Critical Discourse Analysis},
	year = {2004},
	month = {2004},
	pages = {233 - 258},
	abstract = {It has been proposed that the theory and practice of information systems development could benefit from a more explicit consideration of concepts of rationality. Habermas{\textquoteright} communicative rationality has been proposed as an approach to improve the conditions for rational discourse in systems development, thereby improving outcomes (Klein and Hirschheim 1991), and applied at the project level (Ulrich 2001) and to specific episodes of managerial communications (Ngwenyama and Lee 1997). At the same time, it is understood that societal discourses and ideologies shape the external environments of organizational decision making. A variety of approaches has been proposed to analyze these discourses including qualitative techniques for reading or interpreting texts, artifacts, and social practices (Philips and Hardy 2002). This paper examines the way in which Habermasian validity claims can provide an explicit and ethical standard for critical discourse analysis in order to reveal the distortions that shape the institutional environments of technology decision making. It offers an approach to operationalizing Habermas{\textquoteright} validity claims for an analysis of media texts related to a case study involving learning technology.},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-8095-6_14},
	author = {Cukier, Wendy and Robert Bauer and Middleton, Catherine}
}
@conference {319,
	title = {Challenges of Collaborative Networks in Europe},
	booktitle = {Collaborative Networked Organizations},
	year = {2004},
	month = {2004},
	pages = {77 - 90},
	abstract = {This chapter summarizes the results of a series of discussions, focused on emerging industry needs, held with the experts in the field, during twelve regional THINKcreative workshops in Europe. The chapter further categorizes the discussed challenging requirements for industries, and draws some conclusions on these findings. The workshops were held in 2002/2003 in seven European countries, namely Portugal, UK, Czech Republic, The Netherlands, Germany, Belgium and Switzerland. In total, more than 400 participants, mostly from a wide range of Industry, and also some from the research and academia, attended these workshops. The presence of experts from research and academia facilitated some discussion on base concepts, and was necessary to better Inform industry experts of both the advances in the Virtual Organization paradigm and the advantages of its potential application to future emerging, competitive, and global market opportunities.},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-7833-1_9},
	author = {Afsarmanesh, Hamideh and Ma{\v r}ik, Vladmir and Camarinha-Matos, Luis}
}
@article {264,
	title = {The Crisis of Relevance and the Relevance of Crisis: Renegotiating Critique in Information Systems Scholarship},
	year = {2004},
	month = {2004},
	pages = {143 - 158},
	abstract = {Information systems as a discipline has recently been under pressure to justify its existence as a core subject within the management curriculum. There has also been recent pressure about the relevance of the IS research agenda. These are pressures felt at the more general level of business education as well, and calls have been made for business scholars to take a more holistic approach to scholarship as well as to make more explicit links to the practice of business. We take the position in this paper that the pressures can be addressed in one way by renegotiating the notion of scholarly critique. Specifically, we reconnect the idea of critique to that of crisis and attempt to show how crisis has the potential to reengage the IS scholar with praxis and help bring the often disparate projects of research, teaching, and consulting into an integrated scholarly enterprise.},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-8095-6_9},
	author = {Marcon, Teresa and Chiasson, Mike and Abhijit Gopal}
}
@article {235,
	title = {Crossing Disciplinary Boundaries: Reflections on Information Systems Research in Health Care and the State of Information Systems},
	year = {2004},
	month = {2004},
	pages = {657 - 658},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-8095-6_39},
	author = {Barber, Nicholas and Brennan, Patricia and Chiasson, Mike and Tony Cornford and Elizabeth Davidson and Bonnie Kaplan and Klecu{\'n}, Ela}
}
@article {240,
	title = {Enterprise System as an Orchestrator of Dynamic Capability Development: A Case Study of the IRAS and TechCo},
	year = {2004},
	month = {2004},
	pages = {515 - 534},
	abstract = {Corporations are perpetually hunting for ways to develop exclusive, sustainable, and competitive advantages that will enable them to leapfrog ahead of their industrial adversaries. Notably, the debut of enterprise systems (ES) during the recent decade has given rise to frequent talk of the utilization of integrative, IT-inspired business mechanisms to achieve the much sought-after but elusive competitive edge. Others, however, have argued that the search for sustainable competitiveness should instead be anchored in organizational efforts to cultivate and build up firm-specific dynamic capabilities. Cognizant of the various perspectives, this paper takes a holistic approach in proposing the achievement of sustainable competitive advantages by examining the manner in which ES adoption can contribute to the forging of dynamic capabilities. In particular, Montealegre{\textquoteright}s (2002) process model of capability development is adopted as the analytical framework to explore the strategization of ES development in two different organizations, with the main distinction being that one of them subscribes to commercially available SAP applications while the other chooses to develop its ES in-house. Through comparing and contrasting evidence from both cases, this study attempts to decipher how ES adoption can be strategized to develop strategic capabilities and understand the implications between off-the-shelf and bespoke ES in affecting the process of dynamic capability development.},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-8095-6_28},
	author = {Tan, Chee and Lim, Eric and Pan, Shan and Chan, Calvin}
}
@article {245,
	title = {Information Systems in Organizations and Society: Speculating on the Next 25 Years of Research},
	year = {2004},
	month = {2004},
	pages = {35 - 52},
	abstract = {The community of scholars focused on information systems in organizations and society (the IFIP 8.2 community) has grown in number, voice, and influence over the last 25 years. What will this community contribute during the next 25 years? We speculate on two possible areas: more articulate conceptualizations of information systems and more detailed socio-technical theories of their effects. For both of these possibilities, we project forward from the historical trajectory of the IFIP 8.2 community{\textquoteright}s involvement. Like all speculative scholarship, our argumentation is more about imagining possible directions than arguing the superiority of one particular view relative to all others. This considered speculation is directed at both stirring the community{\textquoteright}s collective mind and advancing the value of this community{\textquoteright}s work to interested others.},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-8095-6_3},
	author = {Steve Sawyer and Kevin Crowston}
}
@article {844,
	title = {Information Technology and the Transformation of Industries: Three Research Perspectives},
	journal = {Journal of Strategic Information Systems},
	volume = {13},
	number = {1},
	year = {2004},
	pages = {5-28},
	author = {Kevin Crowston and Michael D. Myers}
}
@article {539,
	title = {What is it like to do an Information Systems PhD in Europe?  Diversity in the practice of IS research},
	journal = {Communications of the AIS},
	volume = {13},
	number = {21},
	year = {2004},
	pages = {317-335},
	isbn = {1529-3181},
	url = {CAIS2004.pdf},
	author = {Edgar A. Whitley and Sandra Sieber and Cristina C{\'a}liz and Mary L Darking and Chiara Frigerio and Edoardo Jacucci and Anna N{\"o}teberg and Michael Rill}
}
@article {902,
	title = {Will real estate agents survive? The transformation of the real estate industry by information technology},
	journal = {University of Auckland Business Review},
	volume = {6},
	number = {1},
	year = {2004},
	pages = {38-50},
	author = {Michael D. Myers and Kevin Crowston}
}
@proceedings {457,
	title = {Configuring peer{\textendash}to{\textendash}peer software: An empirical study of how users react to the regulatory features of software},
	year = {2003},
	publisher = {Winner of best conference paper prize},
	address = {Naples, Italy},
	url = {ECIS2003.pdf},
	author = {Adela Mlcakova and Edgar A. Whitley},
	editor = {Claudio Ciborra and Ricardo Mercurio and Marco de Marco and Marcello Martinez and Andrea Carignani}
}
@article {DBLP:conf/ifip8-2/CiborraN03,
	title = {Good Governance and Development Aid: Risks and Challenges of E-Government in Jordan},
	year = {2003},
	pages = {387-402},
	author = {Claudio Ciborra and Diego D. Navarra}
}
@article {DBLP:conf/ifip8-2/PanPCF03,
	title = {Implementing Global Information Technology Product in a Localized Context: An Exploratory Study of ERP System Implementation in China},
	year = {2003},
	pages = {185-198},
	author = {Gary S. C. Pan and Shan Ling Pan and Xin-Xin Chen and Donal J. Flynn}
}
@article {DBLP:conf/ifip8-2/EstevesPC03,
	title = {Organizational and National Issues of an ERP Implementation in a Portuguese Company},
	year = {2003},
	pages = {139-153},
	author = {Jos{\'e} Esteves and Joan Antoni Pastor and Jo{\~a}o Carvalho}
}
@proceedings {491,
	title = {Panel: What is it like to do an Information Systems PhD in Europe?  Diversity in the practice of IS research},
	year = {2003},
	address = {Naples, Italy},
	url = {ECIS2003PhD.pdf},
	author = {Edgar A. Whitley and Sandra Sieber and Mary L Darking and Cristina Caliz and Chiara Frigerio and Anna Noteberg},
	editor = {Claudio Ciborra and Ricardo Mercurio and Marco de Marco and Marcello Martinez and Andrea Carignani}
}
@article {DBLP:conf/ifip8-2/CornfordK03,
	title = {Social Exclusion and Information Systems in Community Healthcare},
	year = {2003},
	pages = {291-305},
	author = {Tony Cornford and Ela Klecun-Dabrowska}
}
@article {DBLP:conf/ifip8-2/SawyerC02,
	title = {Conceptualizing Information Technology in the Study of Information Systems: Trends and Issues},
	year = {2002},
	pages = {109-131},
	author = {Steve Sawyer and Tina T. Chen}
}
@article {DBLP:conf/ifip8-2/CukierMB02,
	title = {The Discourse of Learning Technology in Canada: Undestanding Communication Distortions and Their Implications for Decision Making},
	year = {2002},
	pages = {197-221},
	author = {Wendy L. Cukier and Catherine A. Middleton and Robert Bauer}
}
@article {DBLP:conf/ifip8-2/CunhaF01,
	title = {Information Systems Development as Flowing Wholeness},
	year = {2001},
	pages = {29-48},
	author = {Paulo Rupino da Cunha and Ant{\'o}nio Dias de Figueiredo}
}
@proceedings {449,
	title = {Managing knowledge under conflicting weltanschauungen: Introducing the Danish Unit Model to the Faroe Islands},
	year = {2001},
	publisher = {IKON},
	address = {Leicester},
	url = {IKON2001.pdf},
	author = {Heini Hatun and Edgar A. Whitley},
	editor = {Chris Carter and Harry Scarbrough and Jacky Swan}
}
@article {DBLP:conf/ifip8-2/Crowston00,
	title = {Process as Theory in Information Systems Research},
	year = {2000},
	pages = {149-166},
	author = {Kevin Crowston}
}
@proceedings {475,
	title = {Escalation and anti-essentialism: A teaching case study},
	volume = {III},
	year = {1999},
	pages = {984-994},
	publisher = {Copenhagen Business School},
	address = {Copenhagen},
	url = {ECIS1999.pdf},
	author = {Edgar A. Whitley},
	editor = {Jan Pries-Heje and Claudio Ciborra and Karlheinz Kautz and Josep Valor and Ellen Christiaanse and Avison, David and Claus Heje}
}
@article {DBLP:conf/ifip8-2/CongerS99,
	title = {Understanding E-commerce Through Genre Theory: The Case of The Car-Buying Process},
	year = {1999},
	pages = {219-240},
	author = {Sue A. Conger and Ulrike Schultze}
}
@article {342,
	title = {On the Vicissitudes of Cyberspace as Potential-Space},
	journal = {Human Relations},
	volume = {52},
	year = {1999},
	month = {1999/04/24/},
	pages = {485 - 506},
	abstract = {This paper examines some issues which emerge from the use of cyberspace within organizations,focusing on the extent to which cyberspace facilitates and/or interferes with individual and organizational growth. It is argued that the Internet has come to facilitate a form of interaction which may appear largely social and related, while remaining relatively isolated, asocial or at best partially social, self-protective, and removed. This is a form of interaction which is often characterized by partial relationships as well as confusion or ambiguity between what is happening and what is imagined. In much of our relational life, we maintain a tension and dynamic interplay between our experience of ourselves and of the world as structured and ordered and our experience of ourselves and of the world as disordered and chaotic. In the organizational Internet interactions explored in this paper, this tension is often suspended, or at times obliterated. However, it is proposed here that, as profoundly ambiguous and disturbing as these Internet interactions maybe, they may at times serve the function of a potential space in which growth is facilitated. In other instances, however, they serve to inhibit or even destroy potential. The theoretical basis for these findings is built on the contributions of Klein, Winnicott, and Matte-Blanco and is illustrated by clinical examples from organizations.},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1016961525238},
	author = {Civin, Michael}
}
@proceedings {442,
	title = {Panel: Doing and writing up case research: Issues and practices},
	volume = {IV},
	year = {1998},
	pages = {1751},
	publisher = {Euro-Arab Management School},
	address = {Aix-en-Provence, France},
	isbn = {84-923833-0-5},
	url = {ECIS1998Panel.pdf},
	author = {Ellen Christiaanse and Ramon O{\textquoteright}Callaghan and Edgar A. Whitley and Willcocks, Leslie},
	editor = {Walter Baets}
}
@proceedings {490,
	title = {Creating and maintaining obligations: An empirical study of mediated and face{\textendash}to{\textendash}face communication},
	volume = {II},
	year = {1997},
	pages = {801-815},
	publisher = {Cork Publishing Ltd},
	address = {Cork},
	isbn = {1-86076-953-5},
	url = {ECIS1997.pdf},
	author = {Edgar A. Whitley and Rachael Scothern},
	editor = {Robert D. Galliers and Ciaran Murphy and Sven Carlsson and Claudia Loebbecke and Hans Robert Hansen and Ramon O{\textquoteright}Callaghan}
}
@article {278899,
	title = {Panel{\textendash}-assessing critical social theory research in information systems},
	year = {1997},
	pages = {119{\textendash}120},
	publisher = {Chapman \& Hall, Ltd.},
	address = {Philadelphia, PA, USA},
	isbn = {0-412-82360-8},
	author = {Ngwenyama, O. and Davis, G. and Lyytinen, K and Truex, D. and Cule, P.}
}
@proceedings {455,
	title = {Information systems as a social science? The individual perspective},
	year = {1996},
	pages = {814-816},
	publisher = {AIS},
	address = {Phoenix, Arizona},
	url = {AMCIS1996.pdf},
	author = {Lucas D. Introna and Edgar A. Whitley},
	editor = {Jane M Carey}
}
@proceedings {461,
	title = {Stakeholder analysis as a longitudinal approach to interorganizational systems analysis},
	volume = {1},
	year = {1996},
	pages = {33-44},
	address = {Lisbon, Portugal},
	isbn = {972-8093-12-8},
	url = {ECIS1996.pdf},
	author = {Athanasia Pouloudi and Edgar A. Whitley},
	editor = {J Dias Coelho and Tawfik Jelassi and Wolfgang K{\"o}nig and Helmut Krcmar and Ramon O{\textquoteright}Callaghan and Markku S{\"a}{\"a}ksjarvi}
}
@article {DBLP:conf/ifip8-2/ParkinVC93,
	title = {End-User Computing: A Study of Three Management Models},
	year = {1993},
	pages = {353-373},
	author = {P. V. Parkin and June M. Verner and Narciso Cerpa}
}
@article {DBLP:conf/ifip8-2/Curtis92,
	title = {The CASE for Process},
	year = {1992},
	pages = {333-343},
	author = {Bill Curtis}
}
@article {DBLP:conf/ifip8-2/WynekoopSC92,
	title = {The Implementation of Case Tools: An Innovation Diffusion Approach},
	year = {1992},
	pages = {25-41},
	author = {Judy L. Wynekoop and James A. Senn and Sue A. Conger}
}
@article {518,
	title = {Knowledge acquisition for organisational problem solving: Developing expert systems and beyond},
	journal = {Expert systems with applications},
	volume = {5},
	number = {1,2},
	year = {1992},
	pages = {121-130},
	isbn = {0957-4174/92},
	url = {ESWA1992.pdf},
	author = {Angeliki Poulymenakou and Tony Cornford and Edgar A. Whitley}
}
@article {537,
	title = {The Spring model for knowledge based systems analysis: A case study},
	journal = {Data Base},
	volume = {23},
	number = {2},
	year = {1992},
	pages = {1-5},
	isbn = {0095-0033},
	url = {Database1992.pdf},
	author = {Edgar A. Whitley and Angeliki Poulymenakou and Tony Cornford}
}
@proceedings {444,
	title = {Knowledge acquisition for SMESPRIT: An expert system to advise small and medium sized enterprises about their use of information technology},
	year = {1991},
	address = {Barcelona},
	url = {ESBC1991.pdf},
	author = {Tony Cornford and Angeliki Poulymenakou and Edgar A. Whitley}
}
@proceedings {487,
	title = {The Spring model for knowledge based systems analysis: A case study involving small and medium sized enterprises},
	year = {1991},
	pages = {346-351},
	publisher = {IEEE Computer Society Press},
	address = {Washington, DC},
	isbn = {{\textendash}8186{\textendash}2250{\textendash}4},
	url = {IEEE1991.pdf},
	author = {Edgar A. Whitley and Angeliki Poulymenakou and Tony Cornford},
	editor = {Jerald Feinstein and Elias M. Awad and Larry Medsker and Efrain Turban}
}
@proceedings {466,
	title = {Knowledge acquisition to facilitate organisational problem solving},
	year = {1990},
	pages = {181-188},
	publisher = {ACM Press},
	address = {Orlando, Florida},
	isbn = {0-8979-416-3},
	url = {SIGBDP1990Facilitate.pdf},
	author = {Angeliki Poulymenakou and Tony Cornford and Edgar A. Whitley},
	editor = {Elias M. Awad}
}
@proceedings {465,
	title = {Pragmatic considerations for effective knowledge acquisition: The case of business expert systems},
	year = {1990},
	pages = {237-246},
	publisher = {ACM Press},
	address = {Orlando, Florida},
	isbn = {0-8979-416-3},
	url = {SIGBDP1990Pragmatic.pdf},
	author = {Angeliki Poulymenakou and Tony Cornford and Edgar A. Whitley},
	editor = {Elias M. Awad}
}
@article {cooper,
	title = {{Comment on Sandberg}},
	year = {1985},
	pages = {87{\textendash}93},
	publisher = {Elsevier Publishers},
	author = {David Cooper}
}
